Histone Acetylation of Immune Regulatory Genes in Human Placenta in Association with Maternal Intake of Olive Oil and Fish Consumption

Abstract

Maternal diet modifies epigenetic programming in offspring, a potentially critical factor in the immune dysregulation of modern societies. We previously found that prenatal fish oil supplementation affects neonatal T-cell histone acetylation of genes implicated in adaptive immunity including PRKCZ, IL13, and TBX21. In this study, we measured H3 and H4 histone acetylation levels by chromatin immunoprecipitation in 173 term placentas collected in the prospective birth cohort, ALADDIN, in which information on lifestyle and diet is thoroughly recorded. In anthroposophic families, regular olive oil usage during pregnancy was associated with increased H3 acetylation at FOXP3 (p = 0.004), IL10RA (p = 0.008), and IL7R (p = 0.007) promoters, which remained significant after adjustment by offspring gender. Furthermore, maternal fish consumption was associated with increased H4 acetylation at the CD14 gene in placentas of female offspring (p = 0.009). In conclusion, prenatal olive oil intake can affect placental histone acetylation in immune regulatory genes, confirming previously observed pro-acetylation effects of olive oil polyphenols. The association with fish consumption may implicate ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids present in fish oil. Altered histone acetylation in placentas from mothers who regularly include fish or olive oil in their diets could influence immune priming in the newborn.

Breathomics in Asthmatic Children Treated with Inhaled Corticosteroids

“…Fatty acids in asthma can affect the equilibrium between pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms: n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) or monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) could reduce inflammation, while saturated fatty acids (SFAs) may contribute to proinflammatory responses [ 29 ]. PUFAs seem also to be associated with a lower risk of allergic disease development in early childhood years, playing a protective role against allergy development [ 30 , 31 ]. Furthermore, as suggested by our data, also a previous study did not show correlations between fatty acid profile and ICS treatment [ 28 ].…”

The efficacy of family history, genetic risk score and physical activity in distinguishing type 2 diabetes prevalence

“…Interestingly, also epigenetic modifications mentioned above represent an interplay between genes and the environment as these heritable changes in gene function might be modified by environmental factors, such as diet, PA, or smoking, which was shown for T2D, 36,37 obesity, 37 and other chronic immunometabolic diseases. 38,39 It is generally known that PA protects against T2D, but it is still a matter of debate whether the effectiveness of exercise is dependent on the genetic background of patients, especially in terms of T2D development. The Diabetes Prevention Program 40 -one of the largest intervention studies in T2D development-has shown that there is no significant interaction between the treatment group and the genetic risk, expressed as GRS of T2D loci.…”

Decreased Histone Acetylation Levels at Th1 and Regulatory Loci after Induction of Food Allergy

“…A few studies have investigated the direct role of histone modifications in allergic disorders other than CMA. These studies clearly demonstrate the importance of this type of epigenetic modification in etiology and pathophysiology of allergies [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Whereas most of these studies investigated histone modification of genes involved in asthma, Harb et al explored the acetylation status of several genes in the placenta and correlated these with the prevalence of sensitization in children [ 28 ].…”