Histomorphic-Metric Evaluation of an Immediately Loaded Implant Retrieved from Human Mandible after 2 Years

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the interplay between microstructure and function of the bone around an immediately loaded implant retrieved from human maxilla after 23 months due to fracture. A spiral implant of 3.3 mm x 15 mm was placed in a male 53 years old in the anterior region of the mandible bone (4.1) and it was processed for histology. The specimen was analyzed under the confocal scanning laser microscope (CSLM) and brightfield light microscope (LM) equipped with circularly polarized light (CPL). The BIC rate was 76.7± 4.9 (mean ±SD). Many cement lines indicates an high remodeling rate of the bone. The transverse collagen fiber orientation (CFO) (mean ±SD) under the lower flank of the thread near the tread tip was 55.2 ± 4.8 × 104 pixel while the longitudinal CFO was 45.8 ± 2.3 × 104 pixel (P<.05). In the inter-threads region the transverse CFO (mean ±SD) was 36.4 ± 2.4 × 104 pixel while the longitudinal CFO was 65.6 ± 6.5 × 104 pixel (P<.05). The osteocytes numbers (mean ±SD) was 205 ± 45 in the peri-implant bone and 144 ± 53 in the native bone (P=.007). After 2-years of loading the SLA spiral implant was well osseointegrated but still surrounded by woven bone. The osteocytes density was significantly higher in the peri-implant bone than in the native bone. The transverse collagen fibers were significantly associated with the lower flank of the implant threads, while the longitudinal collagen fibers were more represented in the straight surface of the implant. The implant fracture was correlated to crestal bone resorbing and subsequent fatigue yielding.

WITHDRAWN: The effect of removable orthodontic appliances on oral microbiota: systematic review

“…Humans are not randomly colonized and the diverse community that makes up the oral microbiome is nely tuned by nature to protect against disease, and it is of great importance to maintain its natural diversity. This particular composition depends on numerous factors, some non-modi able such as genetics, age, sex, change of dentition [6] and some modi able, including stress, nutrition, dental treatment and diet of the individual [7][8][9]. The placement of removable orthodontic appliances creates a favorable environment for the accumulation of microbiota components and food residues, which, in time, may cause caries or exacerbate any pre-existing periodontal disease [10][11][12][13].…”

Are Metal Ions That Make up Orthodontic Alloys Cytotoxic, and Do They Induce Oxidative Stress in a Yeast Cell Model?

“…Although several studies are available in the literature regarding the biocompatibility and potential cytotoxic impact of the metal ions released from implants [21][22][23], restorations [24][25][26] and orthodontic appliances such as Fe, Ni, Cr, Co, Ti, and Mo [27][28][29], no previous report has simulated orthodontic alloys with metal ion mixtures to evaluate their potential. Cultured animal or human cell lines such as fibroblasts [28] and osteoblasts [30] have been mainly used to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of orthodontic appliances, and currently, only a few studies [31,32] have included yeast for these type of studies.…”

New Technologies in Orthodontics: A Digital Workflow to Enhance Treatment Plan and Photobiomodulation to Expedite Clinical Outcomes

“…PBM can create a favorable environment for tooth movement, as two types of host responses occur in the irradiated tissues. First, photobiomodulation increases the production of mitochondrial ATP by upregulating the cytochrome c oxidase [12,14,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45] and promotes the cellular viability and the expression of osteocalcin in the tension areas of PDL [12][13][14][15][39][40][41][42][43]. This increased metabolic activity accelerates cellular turnover (osteoclast, osteoblast, and fibroblasts) [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] and the production of cytokines involved in the bone remodeling, mainly the IL-1b [46,[54][55][56][57].…”