Histological structure of duodenum in gilts receiving low doses of zearalenone and deoxynivalenol in feed

Lewczuk, Bogdan; Przybylska‐Gornowicz, Barbara; Gajęcka, Magdalena; Targońska, Krystyna; Ziółkowska, Natalia; Prusik, Magdalena

doi:10.1016/j.etp.2015.11.008

Cited by 33 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In a study by Lewczuk et al [ 22 ], per os administration of low doses of ZEN to gilts did not induce significant morphometric changes in duodenal mucosa, a sensitive indicator of undesirable substances in feed. The influence of ZEN on duodenal morphology was investigated in greater detail by estimating the ratio of villus height to depth crypt, a highly sensitive measure of epithelial homeostasis.…”

Section: Activity Of Zenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main difference is that low doses induce subclinical states without recognizable clinical symptoms of disease. Weakly expressed changes (stimulatory or compensatory effect [ 103 ]) are also observed at tissue or cellular level [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Activity Of Zenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many authors have demonstrated that ZEN is immunotoxic at low concentrations [ 5 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Under exposure to low doses of this mycotoxin, target cells undergo many changes (multispecificity [ 2 ]) during vital metabolic processes such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and synthesis of biologically active molecules [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Research into ZEN has been intensified in recent years, however, the mycotoxin’s effect on the intestinal barrier, intestinal contents and potential relationships between exposure to ZEN and intestinal inflammations [ 23 ] or apparent digestibility [ 24 ] have been rarely investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research into ZEN has been intensified in recent years, however, the mycotoxin’s effect on the intestinal barrier, intestinal contents and potential relationships between exposure to ZEN and intestinal inflammations [ 23 ] or apparent digestibility [ 24 ] have been rarely investigated. Most studies examined the jejunum and duodenum [ 21 , 22 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interactions between mycotoxins and the interactions between mycotoxins and physiological processes in tissues, cells and the exposed microorganisms also pose a significant problem [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. To date, studies of animals exposed to mycotoxins have examined only the influence of the diet on morphological changes (proliferation, crypt depth, size of villi) and the animals’ health [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Activity of Zearalenone in the Porcine Intestinal Tract

Gajęcka

Zielonka

2016

Molecules

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This study demonstrates that low doses (somewhat above the No Observed Adverse Effect Level, NOAEL) of the mycoestrogen zearalenone (ZEN) and its metabolites display multispecificity towards various biological targets in gilts. The observed responses in gilts were surprising. The presence of ZEN and zearalenols (ZELs) did not evoke a response in the porcine gastrointestinal tract, which was attributed to dietary tolerance. Lymphocyte proliferation was intensified in jejunal mesenteric lymph nodes, and lymphocyte counts increased in the jejunal epithelium with time of exposure. In the distal digestive tract, fecal bacterial counts decreased, the activity of fecal bacterial enzymes and lactic acid bacteria increased, and cecal water was characterized by higher genotoxicity. The accompanying hyperestrogenism led to changes in mRNA activity of selected enzymes (cytochrome P450, hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, nitric oxide synthases) and receptors (estrogen and progesterone receptors), and it stimulated post-translational modifications which play an important role in non-genomic mechanisms of signal transmission. Hyperestrogenism influences the regulation of the host’s steroid hormones (estron, estradiol and progesteron), it affects the virulence of bacterial genes encoding bacterial hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDs), and it participates in detoxification processes by slowing down intestinal activity, provoking energy deficits and promoting antiporter activity at the level of enterocytes. In most cases, hyperestrogenism fulfils all of the above roles. The results of this study indicate that low doses of ZEN alleviate inflammatory processes in the digestive system, in particular in the proximal and distal intestinal tract, and increase body weight gains in gilts.

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Section: Activity Of Zenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Activity Of Zenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Activity of Zearalenone in the Porcine Intestinal Tract

Gajęcka

Zielonka

2016

Molecules

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Pulsed High‐Peak Power Microwaves at 9.4 GHz Do Not Affect Basic Endpoints in Caenorhabditis elegans

Sun

Zhao

et al. 2021

Bioelectromagnetics

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Because of the extensive application of electromagnetic technology, its health impact on humans has attracted widespread attention. Due to the lack of a model organism with a stable response to electromagnetic waves, the research conclusions on the biological effects of electromagnetic waves have been vague. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of irradiation by pulsed 9.4 GHz high-power microwaves with a peak power density of 2126 W/cm 2 using Caenorhabditis elegans. The development, movement, egg production, ROS, and lifespan of C. elegans were detected at different times after irradiation with different repetitive frequencies of 10, 20, and 50 Hz for 30 min. The results indicated that no obvious changes in basic life indices were induced compared with the sham radiation group, but the survival rate of positive control was significantly decreased compared with other groups, which is of interest for microwave protection research based on C. elegans and provides data for updating safety standards with respect to pulsed high-peak power microwave. Bioelectromagnetics. 43:5-13, 2022.

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