Histological and histochemical characterization of the venom apparatus of Palestine yellow scorpion,<i>Leiurus quinquestriatus</i>Hemprich &amp; Ehrenberg 1828

Taib, Noory T.; Jarrar, Bashir M.

doi:10.1080/03946975.1993.10539215

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, in order to be able to understand the chemistry and physiology of the venom, one should first know the anatomy, histology and fine structure of the venom gland and the venom stinger. The histology and fine structure of the venom gland in several scorpion species have been investigated by several researchers, but the fine structure of venom ducts were not analyzed (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). Yigit …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine structural analysis of the stinger in venom apparatus of the scorpion Euscorpius mingrelicus (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)

Yiğit¹,

Benli²

2010

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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ABSTRACT:In this study, the morphology, histology and fine structure of the stinger, a part of the venom apparatus of Euscorpius mingrelicus (Kessler, 1874) (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) were studied by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The stinger, located at the end section of the telson, is sickle-shaped. The venom is ejected through a pair of venom pores on its subterminal portion. Both venom ducts extend along the stinger without contact with each other since they are separated by connective tissue cells. The stinger cuticle is composed of two layers. Additionally, there are many pore canals and some hemolymph vessels in the cuticle. This work constitutes the first histological and fine structure study on Euscorpius mingrelicus stinger.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine structural analysis of the stinger in venom apparatus of the scorpion Euscorpius mingrelicus (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)

Yiğit¹,

Benli²

2010

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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“…The nature of neutral mucosubstances as a polymer of glucoseamine might indicate a possible role in osmoregulation and the transfer of the protein fragment of the venom in the tissue of the victim. Neutral mucosubstances have been found in the venom of the most dangerous scorpions (Taib & Jarrar, 1993;Jarrar & Al-Rowaily, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology, Histology and Histochemistry of the Venom Apparatus of the Centipede, Scolopendra valida (Chilopoda, Scolopendridae)

Jarrar

2010

Int. J. Morphol.

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Morfología, Histología e Histoquímica del Aparato Venenoso del Ciempiés, Scolopendra valida (Chilopoda, Scolopendridae) Bashir M. Jarrar JARRAR, B. M. Morphology, histology and histochemistry of the venom apparatus of the centipede, Scolopendra valida ( Chilopoda, Scolopendridae). Int. J. Morphol., 28(1):19-25, 2010. SUMMARY:Morphological, histological and histochemical characterizations of the venom apparatus of the centapede, S. valida have been investigated. The venom apparatus of Scolopendra valida consists of a pair of maxillipedes and venom glands situated anteriorly in the prosoma on either side of the first segment of the body. Each venom gland is continuous with a hollow tubular claw possessing a sharp tip and subterminal pore located on the outer curvature. The glandular epithelium is folded and consists of a mass of secretory epithelium, covered by a sheath of striated muscles. The secretory epithelium consists of high columnar venom-producing cells having dense cytoplasmic venom granules. The glandular canal lacks musculature and is lined with chitinous internal layer and simple cuboidal epithelium. The histochemical results indicate that the venom-producing cells of both glands elaborate glycosaminoglycan, acid mucosubstances, certain amino acids and proteins, but are devoid of glycogen. The structure and secretions of centipede venom glands are discussed within the context of the present results.

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“…A sting from L. quinquestriatus is potentially lethal to humans (Taib and Jarrar 1993;Mebs 2002), while a sting from O. albitarsis results in mild inflammation. Scorpion venoms typically consist of mixtures of polypeptides with up to 70 amino acid residues, but are diverse in size, composition, and activity (Mebs 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent evolution in the antennae of a cerambycid beetle, Onychocerus albitarsis, and the sting of a scorpion

Berkov

Rodriguez

Centeno

2007

Naturwissenschaften

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Venom-injecting structures have arisen independently in unrelated arthropods including scorpions, spiders, centipedes, larval owlflies and antlions, and Hymenoptera (wasps, ants, and bees). Most arthropods use venom primarily as an offensive weapon to subdue prey, and only secondarily in defense against enemies. Venom is injected by biting with fangs or stinging with a specialized hypodermic structure used exclusively for the delivery of venom (usually modified terminal abdominal segments). A true sting apparatus, previously known only in scorpions and aculeate wasps, is now known in a third group. We here report the first known case of a cerambycid beetle using its antennae to inject a secretion that causes cutaneous and subcutaneous inflammation in humans. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the terminal antennal segment of Onychocerus albitarsis (Pascoe) has two pores opening into channels leading to the tip through which the secretion is delivered. This is a novel case of convergent evolution: The delivery system is almost identical to that found in the stinger of a deadly buthid scorpion.

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Histological and histochemical characterization of the venom apparatus of Palestine yellow scorpion,Leiurus quinquestriatusHemprich & Ehrenberg 1828

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Fine structural analysis of the stinger in venom apparatus of the scorpion Euscorpius mingrelicus (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)

Fine structural analysis of the stinger in venom apparatus of the scorpion Euscorpius mingrelicus (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)

Morphology, Histology and Histochemistry of the Venom Apparatus of the Centipede, Scolopendra valida (Chilopoda, Scolopendridae)

Convergent evolution in the antennae of a cerambycid beetle, Onychocerus albitarsis, and the sting of a scorpion

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