Histological and Histochemical Alterations Induced by Phenol Exposure in Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner, 1864) Juveniles

Abstract

he present study inspects the effect of phenol as one of environmental xenobiotic compound on the histology and histocemistry of liver, gills and spleen of Oreochromis aureus (O.aureus) juveniles. Fish were subjected to three sub-lethal concentrations of phenol (20%, 40% and 80% of LC 50) for seven days. The liver, gills and spleen were studied from the histopathological and histochemical point of sight. Histopathological changes viz degeneration, necrosis, severe hemorrhage pynknosis and distinct cellular proliferation in the prescribed organs of fishes exposed to phenol were observed. Further, detachment of gill epithelium (GE), marked proliferation of gill epithelium (Hyperplasia, H) with distinct shortening of lamellae were recorded. Even though, complete fusion of gill lamellae, enhanced connective tissue disposition and blood permeation were also induced due to phenol exposure. Furthermore, histochemical annotations affirmed reduction of carbohydrate store due to oxidative stress caused by phenol publicity. Marked rise of gills mucoplysaccharides which impedes fish respiration were reported. DNA was also amplified in tested organs after phenol exposure, signifying carcinogenesis of phenol.

Pollution induced change of liver of Oreochromis niloticus: metals accumulation and histopathological response

“…Cellular proliferation observed here in pancreatic tissues could possibly explain by the stimulatory effect that is originated from striking deterioration of liver cells. Enhanced fibrosis, i.e., High proliferation of CT, of the examined organs resulted in marked inhibition of the various vital activities [19].…”

“…The liver of fish plays a vital role in basic metabolic functions and it is the most accumulated, biotransformated and excreted organ of toxins in fish [18]. Also, the histopathology of liver used as a bio-monitor for the environmental contamination [19]. Au [20], [21] reported that histopathological alteration of liver that exposed to heavy metals.…”

Influence of Feeding Fish the Dried-Treated Sewage on Physiological Responses and Histological Structure of the Liver

“…The liver histology is used as biomarker for the environmental pollution (El-Serafy et al, 2009). Several histopathological changes in the liver have been reported of fish exposed to a wide range of organic compounds, heavy metals, sewage, agricultural and industrial pollutants (Au, 2004;Abdel-Moneim et al, 2012).…”