Histological and antioxidant responses inRhamdia quelensedated with propofol

Abstract

Morphometry of gills and antioxidant/oxidant status in gills, brain, liver and blood of Rhamdia quelen sedated with propofol were studied. The purpose was to investigate structural and functional responses upon administration of the drug in order to validate its use for the species. The fish were exposed to 0, 0.4 or 0.8 mg L À1 propofol for 1, 6 or 12 h, which are times normally used in live fish transport. Propofol induced an increase in chloride cell in the non-respiratory epithelium of the gill. Standard biochemical assays (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lipid hydroperoxides) indicated that the lowest concentration of propofol did not induce lipoperoxidation in gills, brain, liver or blood. The oxidative status of enzymatic (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione-S-transferase) and non-enzymatic (non-protein thiols) antioxidants differed among the tested sites. Apart from the blood, superoxide dismutase was the enzyme to show the highest activity in the presence of propofol, which is known to possess antioxidant properties that resemble those of vitamin E. The absence of chloride cells in the respiratory epithelium (lamella) in association with the stability of the lamellar structure (i.e. lamellar area, total height of lamella and width of lamella) indicate that ion and oxygen uptake were preserved under propofol sedation. Thus, 0.4 mg L À1 propofol should be considered to sedate R. quelen during lengthy procedures, such as transport, for it was able to maintain ionic and respiratory homeostasis as well as prevent peroxidative damage in vital organs.

Effects of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis on catfish in industrial aquaculture

“…The main role in the protection mechanism against oxidative stress is given to catalase, which has a pronounced antioxidant effect [19][20][21]. Catalase, like superoxide dismutase, protects the organism from the inevitably formed highly toxic oxygen radicals [22][23][24].…”

MS-222 and Propofol Sedation during and after the Simulated Transport of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

“…Nevertheless, the decrease in ROS levels could be explained by the propofol antioxidant activity which has already been demonstrated both in vitro [ 89 ] and in vivo [ 90 ] due to its phenolic structure similar to that of alpha-tocopherol, a natural and potent antioxidant. Regarding the GST activity, a contrary study has found an increased gill GST activity following a 6 h sedation using a similar propofol concentration (0.8 mg L −1 ) in another aquatic animal [ 91 ], which was accompanied by an increase in SOD activity. GST plays an important role in the detoxification of xenobiotics thus protecting the cell from oxidative stress [ 92 ].…”

Pectic hydrolysates in the diet of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ): Performance, nutritional composition, histological parameters, enzymatic activity, hepatic parameters and intestinal contents

“…The foregut was collected and prepared for optical microscopy. Histological samples were fixed in 10% formalin and stored in 70% ethanol, and then, they were subjected to the routine histological technique, according to the method described by Gressler et al (2016). Applying the routine histological technique, the material was dehydrated in an ascending series of ethanol (70%–99% ethanol) and embedded in methacrylate glycol resin (Technovit 7100).…”