Histologic Grading and Staging of Prostatic Carcinoma

Gleason, Donald F.

doi:10.1097/00000478-198103000-00008

Cited by 267 publications

(361 citation statements)

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“…Well, moderately, and poorly differentiated carcinoma generally corresponds to Gleason patterns 1-2, 3-4, and 5, respectively. [29][30] The clinical or pathological stage was determined by reviewing the medical records and classified using the Tumor-Node-Metastasis system. Prostate cancer was classified into the localized group consisting of T1-4N0M0 (stage A, B, or C by the Whitmore-Jewett system) tumors and the metastatic group consisting of T1-4N þ M0-1 or T1-4N0-1M1 (stage D by the Whitmore-Jewett system) tumors.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate cancer incidence varies among males from different Y-chromosome lineages

Ewis

Lee

Naroda

et al. 2006

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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The incidence rate of prostate cancer in African-American males is two times higher than Caucasian men and ten times higher than Japanese men. The geographical specificity of Y haplogroups implies that males from different ethnic groups undoubtedly have various Y lineages with different Y-chromosomal characteristics that may affect their susceptibility or resistance to such a malespecific cancer. To confirm this hypothesis we studied the Y-chromosomal haplogroups of 92 Japanese prostate cancer patients comparing them with randomly selected 109 unrelated healthy Japanese male controls who were confirmed to be residents of the same geographical area. Males could be classified using three binary Y-chromosome markers (sex-determining region Y (SRY), YAP, 47z) into four haplogroups DE, O2b*, O2b1, and untagged group. Our results confirmed that prostate cancer incidence varies among males from different Y-chromosome lineages. Males from DE and the untagged haplogroups are at a significantly higher risk to develop prostate cancer than O2b* and O2b1 haplogroups (P ¼ 0.01), odds ratio 2.17 and 95% confidence interval (1.16-4.07). Males from haplogroup DE are over-represented in the patient group showing a percentage of 41.3%. The underlying possible causes of susceptibility variations of different Y lineages for such a male-specific cancer tumorigenesis are discussed. These findings explain the lower incidence of prostate cancer in Japanese and other South East Asian males than other populations. To our knowledge, this is the first reliable study examining the association between prostate cancer and Y-chromosomal haplogroups, comparing prostate cancer patients with carefully selected matched controls.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate cancer incidence varies among males from different Y-chromosome lineages

Ewis

Lee

Naroda

et al. 2006

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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“…Stage and grade data were standardized using the 1997 TumorNode-Metastasis staging classification 12 (local tumor growth (T), spread to regional lymph nodes (N), and distant metastases (M)), together with the Gleason score. 13 Distant metastases (M þ ) and node-positive disease without the presence of metastases (N þ , Mo) were also recorded. Pathologic stages were available for prostatectomy cases only.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics of African-American men with hereditary prostate cancer: the AAHPC study

Ahaghotu

Baffoe-Bonnie

Kittles

et al. 2004

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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“…Gleason considered most of these to fit in the grade 3 group 17 and this approach has been followed by some authorities, 18 while others have not graded these tumors. 19 Based on available outcome data, it is clear that these behave much more like grade 4 than grade 3 carcinomas.…”

Section: Prostatic Ductal Adenocarcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual subtypes of prostate cancer

2004

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The vast majority of prostatic tumors developing in adult males are adenocarcinomas. For the most part, variations in histology have not received specific designations and, from a practical approach, have had any specific prognostic implications handled through application of the Gleason grading system. Nonetheless, some of the adenocarcinoma variants have specific clinical features and differential diagnoses. Furthermore, there has been some controversy regarding the appropriate application of the Gleason grading scheme in these tumors. In addition, there are carcinomas that are in fact not adenocarcinomas and that should be kept as distinct entities. In this paper, the histologic variants of adenocarcinoma are reviewed with emphasis on clinicopathologic features and the clinical relevance of these subtypes. Other carcinomas that occur in the prostate gland are also discussed again with a focus on the clinicopathologic characteristics.

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Histologic Grading and Staging of Prostatic Carcinoma

Cited by 267 publications

References 0 publications

Prostate cancer incidence varies among males from different Y-chromosome lineages

Prostate cancer incidence varies among males from different Y-chromosome lineages

Clinical characteristics of African-American men with hereditary prostate cancer: the AAHPC study

Unusual subtypes of prostate cancer

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