Histogram test of ADCs with chaotic samples

Addabbo, Tommaso; Fort, Ada; Rocchi, S.

doi:10.1109/imtc.2010.5488041

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…In TRNG design, an important class of chaotic systems is the family of discrete-time one-dimension piecewise linear maps, in which the recurrence equation x n+1 = f (x n ) is given by piecewise linear functions (see, e.g., the Sawtooth map in Figure11). The importance of these maps comes from both the specific theoretical tools provided by Ergodic Theory for their investigation and the specific electronic design involved for their hardware implementation [96,[104][105][106][107][108][109][110][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121]. Among the cited literature, it is worth to mention the seminal papers, in chronological order, [105] (hardware implementation of the Tent map), [106] (hardware implementation of different discrete maps, including the Hénon Map), [107] (hardware implementation of the Sawtooth map), [108] (hardware implementation of a zigzag map for flicker noise generation), and [110] (hardware implementation of a truly mixed-signal discrete map).…”

Section: Chaotic Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedded electronic circuits for cryptography, hardware security and true random number generation: an overview

Acosta

Addabbo

Tena-Sánchez

2016

Circuit Theory & Apps

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We provide an overview of selected crypto-hardware devices, with a special reference to the lightweight electronic implementation of encryption/decryption schemes, hash functions, and true random number generators. In detail, we discuss the hardware implementation of the chief algorithms used in private-key cryptography, public-key cryptography, and hash functions, discussing some important security issues in electronic crypto-devices, related to side-channel attacks (SCAs), fault injection attacks, and the corresponding design countermeasures that can be taken. Finally, we present an overview about the hardware implementation of true random number generators, discussing the chief electronic sources of randomness and the types of post-processing techniques used to improve the statistical characteristics of the generated random sequences.A. J. ACOSTA, T. ADDABBO AND E. TENA-SÁNCHEZ resource consumption. This matter sets the point for the lightweight cryptography, that is, the subfield of cryptography aiming to provide solutions tailored for resource-constrained devices.According to Elsevier Scopus, the largest database of research peer-reviewed literature, since 2010, about 40k documents are returned if searching the keyword 'cryptography' [6]. A huge subset of these papers deals with conceptual, algorithmic, software, hardware solutions that may be taken into account in lightweight cryptography. In the face of such a vast literature, in this work, we provide a brief overview of selected crypto-hardware devices, with a special reference to the lightweight electronic implementation of encryption/decryption schemes, hash functions, and true random number generators (TRNGs).This paper is organized as in the following. In Section 2, we introduce some terminology and present an overview of the hardware implementation of the chief algorithms used in private-key cryptography, public-key cryptography (PKC), and hash functions. In Sections 3 and 4, we introduce some important security concerns about electronic crypto-devices, discussing SCAs, fault injection attacks, and the corresponding countermeasures that can be taken in the hardware design. Finally, Sections 5-8 are devised to provide an overview about the electronic implementation of TRNGs. In detail, in Sections 5 and 6, we discuss about security flaws, statistical defects, and predictability of TRNGs, presenting the chief sources of randomness used nowadays for their hardware implementation. In Sections 7 and 8, we discuss an overview of the different post-processing techniques aimed to improve the statistical characteristics of the generated random sequences and the evaluation methods used to assess the reliability of cryptographic TRNGs. Conclusion and References close the paper. CRYPTOGRAPHIC ALGORITHMSCryptographic algorithms aim to convert secret data into an unreadable code for non authorized persons, protecting secret information from theft or alteration and also enabling authentication. For better understanding, in the next sections, we define the following...

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Section: Chaotic Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedded electronic circuits for cryptography, hardware security and true random number generation: an overview

Acosta

Addabbo

Tena-Sánchez

2016

Circuit Theory & Apps

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A low-complexity programmable current mode circuit to design the sawtooth chaotic map

Addabbo

Fort

Mugnaini

et al. 2017

2017 13th Conference on Ph.D. Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME)

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We propose a programmable low-complexity current mode circuit to implement a controllable chaotic Sawtooth map, to take into account and correct the effects of the fabrication process variability, mismatches and temperature variations. The proposed solution, simulated using Cadence Virtuoso and a 0.35Î¼m mixed-signal CMOS technology provided by AMS, is presented and discussed with theoretical arguments

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Bringing Data Converter Pairs into Chaotic Oscillation for Built-in Self-Test and Entropy Generation

Callegari

2024

Nonlinear Systems and Matrix Analysis - Recent Advances in Theory and Applications [Working Title]

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A pair comprising an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) can enter chaotic oscillation when closed in a feedback loop with a limited set of additional elements. This phenomenon can be employed for entropy generation in true random number generators (TRNGs). Additionally, the oscillation can expose defects in the components’ operation, providing an opportunity for built-in self-test (BIST). Reconfigurable loops sustaining self-oscillation characterize the oscillation-based test (OBT) approach, appealing for not requiring resources to excite the blocks under test (BUTs). While OBT has been applied to various signal processing primitives, its use in data converters has been mostly confined to specific subsystems or variations of servo-testing. Here, it is shown that chaotic OBT of data converter pairs may offer insights on their input-output characteristics, while providing entropy generation at the same time. A PIC microcontroller, together with an external DAC and some operational amplifiers, is used as a test bed to validate the approach’s scope and demonstrate its applicability to real-world systems.

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Histogram test of ADCs with chaotic samples

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Embedded electronic circuits for cryptography, hardware security and true random number generation: an overview

Embedded electronic circuits for cryptography, hardware security and true random number generation: an overview

A low-complexity programmable current mode circuit to design the sawtooth chaotic map

Bringing Data Converter Pairs into Chaotic Oscillation for Built-in Self-Test and Entropy Generation

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