Histochemistry, phenolic content, antioxidant, and anti-diabetic activities of<i>Vernonia amygdalina</i>leaf extract

Erukainure, Ochuko L.; Chukwuma, Chika I.; Sanni, Olakunle; Matsabisa, Motlalepula G.; Islam, Md. Shahidul

doi:10.1111/jfbc.12737

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…In conclusion VA has an ability to increase endogen antioxidant including SOD. Another previous research reported that VA had an ability to increase endogen antioxidant (Glutathione and Superoxide dismutase) [49].…”

Section: Cardiac Antioxidantmentioning

confidence: 88%

Protective effect of Vernonia amygdalina Delile against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity

Syahputra

Harahap

Dalimunthe

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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Doxorubicin has been used as an anticancer drug and has already indicated effective in the treatment of cancer. The incidence of cardiotoxicity due to doxorubicin was approximately 11%, resulting in the limited use of doxorubicin. Cardiac protection during doxorubicin therapy is needed because it can reduce the incidence of heart failure. Vernonia amygdalina (VA) is traditionally used by Indonesians as a traditional medicine and contains many secondary metabolites, including vernolide, vernodalol, vernoamygdalin, vernolepin, luteolin, luteolin 7-O-betaglucoronoside and luteolin 7-O-glucoside. The pharmacological activity of VA has been widely studied, including its antimalarial, antidiabetic, anticancer, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and antioxidant activities. This research aimed to determine the antioxidant 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, total phenol, total flavonoid, and cardioprotective effects of Vernonia Amygdalina.Negative control was only intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin (20 mg/kgbw) on the eight day while quercetin (85 mg/kgbw) and ethanol extract of Vernonia amygdalina (EEVA) 100, 200, 400 mg/kgbw dose are orally administered for eight consecutive days. Both quercetin and EEVA groups were also injected with doxorubicin (20 mg/kgbw) on the same day. On the following day, rats were injected with ketamine HCL 75 mg/kgbw and were dissected for heart blood collected. The blood collected 3 ml from each rat was analyzed for biochemical parameters. The analyzed biochemical parameters were Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT), Ureum, Creatinine, Creatinine kinase-MB (CK-MB), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Troponin T, Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and antioxidant parameter Superoxide Dismutase (SOD).The result showed that EEVA antioxidant activity was 40.51 AE 4.89 μg/mL, total flavonoid was 3.79 AE 0.61 mg QE/g extract, and total phenol was 281.575 AE 1.069 mg GAE/g extract. Quercetin (85 mg/kgbw) and EEVA (400 mg/kgbw) reduce AST, ALT, Ureum, Creatinine, CK-MB, LDH, Troponin T, BNP significantly and increase rats' SOD level compared with negative control. So that, this study explicates that EEVA potentials as cardioprotective agent against doxorubicin by reducing biochemical parameters.

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Section: Cardiac Antioxidantmentioning

confidence: 88%

Protective effect of Vernonia amygdalina Delile against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity

Syahputra

Harahap

Dalimunthe

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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“…Flavonoids are phenolic substances with many health properties that frequently exhibit inhibitory effects against alpha-glucosidase enzymes [ 19 ]. In general, although previous studies reported on luteolin and its pharmacological activity [ 20 , 21 , 22 ], more analyses are performed on the leaves than the flower. Furthermore, four compounds that are reported to be isolated from flower extracts are tricosane, vernolide, isorhamnetin, and luteolin [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity and the Isolation of Luteolin from the Flower of Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (Delile) Sch. Bip ex Walp.

2022

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Diabetes mellitus is a major health issue that has posed a significant challenge over the years. Gymnanthemum amygdalinum is a well-known plant that can be potentially used to treat this disease. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of its root, stem bark, leaves, and flower extracts on alpha-glucosidase using an in vitro inhibition assay to isolate the bioactive compounds and determine their levels in the samples. The air-dried plant parts were extracted by maceration using methanol. The results showed that the flower extract had the greatest inhibitory effect (IC50 47.29 ± 1.12 µg/mL), followed by the leaves, roots, and stem bark. The methanolic flower extract was further fractionated with different solvents, and the ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest activity (IC50 19.24 ± 0.12 µg/mL). Meanwhile, acarbose was used as a positive control (IC50 73.36 ± 3.05 µg/mL). Characterization based on UV, 1H-, and 13C-NMR established that the ethyl acetate fraction yielded two flavonoid compounds, namely, luteolin and 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-on, which had IC50 values of 6.53 ± 0.16 µg/mL and 39.95 ± 1.59 µg/mL, respectively. The luteolin levels in the crude drug, methanolic extract, and ethyl acetate fraction were 3.4 ± 0.2 mg (0.3%), 32.4 ± 0.8 mg (3.2%), and 68.9 ± 3.4 mg (6.9%) per 1 g samples, respectively. These results indicated that the G. amygdalinum flower extract exerted potent inhibitory alpha-glucosidase activity.

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“…The plant is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of a variety of ailments, including malaria [12]. An antidiabetic effect of VA was reported by Erukainure et al [13], while Okunlola et al [14] gave a report of its antioxidant properties. Additionally, its anticancer property has been reported [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatoprotective Effects of Vernonia amygdalina (Astereaceae) Extract on CCl4-Induced Liver Injury in Broiler Chickens

Tokofai

Idoh

Oke

et al. 2021

Animals

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Vernonia amygdalina leaf extract (VALE) on the carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity (CCl4) in broiler chickens. A total of 360-day-old broilers were divided into 4 treatments of 90 birds each consisting of 6 replicates of 15 birds each. The treatments were birds offered 1 mL/kg BW saline (control group), 100 mg/kg BW VALE, 1 mL/kg BW CCl4 (CCl4-treated group), and 100 mg/kg BW VALE + 1 mL/kg BW CCl4 (VALE + CCl4 group). Blood samples were collected at 42 days of age and analyzed for the liver enzymes: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and selected biochemical parameters. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design. The results obtained showed that VALE had the potential to mitigate the adverse effects of CCl4 on protein and lipid metabolism as reflected in the low serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, which is a marker of lipid peroxidation. The aqueous extract of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight showed a moderate hepatoprotective effect by reducing serum AST levels (p < 0.05). The levels of serum AST, ALP, ALT, and GGT were significantly increased in CCl4-treated birds compared to the control group, reflecting carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage. The VALE + CCl4 group showed a significantly higher amount of ALP compared to birds treated with carbon tetrachloride, suggesting a hepatoprotective effect. To conclude, Vernonia amygdalina aqueous extract can be used to confer protection against hepatotoxicity, which can induce severe hepatocellular damage in birds.

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Histochemistry, phenolic content, antioxidant, and anti-diabetic activities ofVernonia amygdalinaleaf extract

Cited by 23 publications

References 61 publications

Protective effect of Vernonia amygdalina Delile against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity

Protective effect of Vernonia amygdalina Delile against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity

In Vitro Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity and the Isolation of Luteolin from the Flower of Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (Delile) Sch. Bip ex Walp.

Hepatoprotective Effects of Vernonia amygdalina (Astereaceae) Extract on CCl4-Induced Liver Injury in Broiler Chickens

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