Histochemistry of the Triceps Surae Muscle in Idiopathic Congenital Clubfoot

Centrally adaptations in unilateral idiopathic clubfoot children following conservative treatment

“…Amyotrophy usually concerns type II fast muscle fibres rather than type I [19,28]. Although the type of GA muscle fibres used by our patients to maintain spontaneous erect posture was not determined in this study, the difference in the timing of CP backward shift between the ICF and healthy subjects agrees with a recruitment of slower muscle fibres in the ICF subjects.…”

Leg muscle atrophy in idiopathic congenital clubfoot: Is it primitive or acquired?

“…However, at light microscopy, no evidence of muscle fiber degeneration could be detected, thus, suggesting a neuromuscular disease as a possible pathogenetic factor in CCF. On the other hand, this hypothesis has been ruled out by several studies performed on biopsy specimens of patients with CCF, where the only recurrent microscopic finding was a relative increase of type I fibers in the musculature of the affected leg [21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Therefore, according to Gray and Katz [22], wasting of leg musculature in CCF can only be due to a reduction in the number of muscle fibers.…”

Assessment of late results of surgery in talipes equino-varus: a reliability study

“…This is probably due to the muscles involved in the hop itself, namely the knee extensors. Although idiopathic CTEV can be associated with severe changes in the muscles of the leg [4], the knee extensor muscles do not appear to be affected.…”