Histo-autoradiographic localisation of americium (241Am) in tissues of European lobster Homarus gammarus and edible crab Cancer pagurus after uptake from labelled sea water

Miramand, Pierre; Germain, Pierre; Jp, Trilles

doi:10.3354/meps052217

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Ward (1966) demonstrated that the exoskeleton of the lobster Hornarus vulgaris rapidly accumulated 239 PLI from seawater and could fix up to 90 % of the plutonium accumulated in 220 d . Likewise, the exoskeleton of the same species contained 84 % of the whole body burden of 2 "~m following a 14 d exposure in labelled seawater (Miramand et al 1989). The majority of the 2"'.4m, 2 3 7 P~ and "' Cf (californium) accumulated by the euphausiid Meganyctiphanes norvegica or the shrimp Lysmata seticaudata was fixed in the cast exoskeleton, recovered after moulting (Fowler et al 1975, Aston & Fowler 1983, Fisher et al 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the pioneering work of Ward (1966) on the accumulation of 2 3 9 P~ from water by the European lobster, a limited number of laboratory and field studies have examined the role of crustaceans in the transfer and transport of plutonium (Fowler et al 1975, Guary et al 1976, Pentreath 1981, americium (Pentreath 1981, Fisher et al 1983, Carvalho & Fowler 1984, 1985, Miramand et al 1989) and neptunium , 1978, Fowler & Aston 1982. These 3 radionuclides are accumulated to different degrees at both the whole organism and tissue level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental study of the transfer of transuranium nuclides in marine decapod crustaceans

Guary¹,

Fowler²

1990

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A series of laboratory radiotracer experiments was carried out to examine the biolunetics of the transuranium nuclides plutonium, americium and neptunium in decapod crustaceans. Crabs Carcinus rnaenas exposed to 2 3 7~~ or 241Am in seawater reached whole body concentration factors (CF) of 75 and 145, respectively, after 8 d. Highest concentration factors for individual tissues were those for gills (CF = 960 for Am, 340 for Pu). For both radionuclides, about 7 0 % of total body burden was associated with the exoskeleton in which Am (CF = 240) was enriched relative to Pu (CF = 70). Elimination of each radionuclide was relatively rapid with biological half-times of 45 and 55 d for Am and Pu, respectively, for the slow release compartment. Because much of the accumulated body burden was associated with the exoskeleton, moulting strongly influenced elimination. 2 3 7~~, 2 4 1~m or 237Np ingested with labelled food by various decapod species were initially excreted with the feces, followed by loss from a soluble radionuclide pool within the animal. Absorption efficiencies for ingested transuranics ranged from 10 to 40 % with hlghest values in the largest decapods (C, lnaenas and Cancer pagurus) examined. Initially, absorbed radionuclides were mostly contained in the hepatopancreas; however, there is evidence for internal transfer of transuranics to other tissues, particularly those associated with the exoskeleton. Such high assimilation efficiencies differ markedly from the few tenths or hundredths of a percent typically found in vertebrate species and thus highlight the ability of decapods to assimilate and retain large fractions of transuranium nuclides incorporated in their prey.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of the transfer of transuranium nuclides in marine decapod crustaceans

Guary¹,

Fowler²

1990

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Histo-autoradiography has shown that americium is located in the microvilli of the brush border of the cells (Miramand et al 1989). Plasmic membranes are the interfaces through which all adsorbed elements must pass, so it is entirely reasonable to assume that americium could be fixed on such a site.…”

Section: Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in this context, the lobster, which is an edible species, represents a potential pathway to humans. Furthermore, some studies have already been undertaken on lobsters which allow the localization of this radionuclide in the digestive gland (Miramand et al 1989) and its fixation onto 3 classes of cytosolic proteins (Goudard et al 1991). An investigation of the dynamics of radionuclide accumulation on the subcellular scale should lead to a better understanding of transfer mechanisms within the organism concerned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of 241Am in subcellular structures of the hepatopancreas of the lobster Homarus gammarus

Paquet¹,

Goudard²,

J³

et al. 1993

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Some of the artificial radionuclides released by the nuclear industry are assimilated by marine organisms. In this study, an attempt is made to elucidate the detailed mechanisms of 2 4 1~m accumulation within the intracellular constituents of lobster hepatopancreas; the experimental procedure involved contaminating lobsters with a radiolabelled meal. The monitoring of activity levels in the digestive gland shows that the intracellular incorporation of this radioisotope occurs through a 2-fold process of adsorption onto membranes coupled with endocytosis, taking place within 30 min of ingestion. The breakdown of exogenous ligands releases americium, which then appears to be distributed between subcellular structures via the mediation of a cytosolic vector. After 24 h, various cellular constituents are affected by autophagous processes which cause a reconcentration of 2 4 1~m into residual bodies.

show abstract

“…The associated toxic effects are also varied according to the observation scale under consideration. The bioaccumulation of radioactive nuclides in non-human living creatures has only been the subject of a very limited number of publications (Pentreath and Lovett, 1976;Guary and Negrel, 1981;Galey et al, 1983;Miramand et al, 1989;Goudard et al, 1991;ChassardBouchaud et al, 1992;Paquet, 1993;Durand et al, 1994;Ribera et al, 1996), and more particularly for plants (Gouthu et al, 1999) for which extrapolations have been projected from the behaviour of the corresponding stable elements.…”

Section: Irradiation By External -Internal Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of radioactivity on the environment: Problems, state of current knowledge and approaches for identification of radioprotection criteria

Bréchignac

2001

Radioprotection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is currently a revitalized concern about the potential impact of ionizing radiation on the environment that calls for the construction of a system ensunng an adequate radioprotection of the non-human biota and their associated biotopes. This paper first sets the context of the problem hoth, with respect to the general phüosophy of environmental protection as a whole, but also with respect to the consideration of the environment achieved so far in the purpose of human radioprotection. The current accumulated knowledge on the effects of ionizing radiation to biota (fauna and flora) is then briefly reviewed, encompassing effects at individual and community/ecosystem level, situations of acute and chronic exposure to high and low doses, finally leading to the identification of the mosi critical gaps in scientific knowledge: effects of mixed low dose rates in chronic exposure to communities and ecosystems. The most significant current international efforts towards the identification of environmental radioprotection critena and standards are finally presented along with some relevant national examples. impact de la radioactivité sur l'environnement : problématique, état des connaissances et approches vers l'identification de critères de radioprotection.On assiste actuellement à une revitalisation de la question de l'impact des radiations ionisantes sur l'environnement qui appelle la construction d'un système capable d'assurer une radioprotection adéquate des êtres vivants non-humains et des biotopes qui leurs sont associés. Cette publication situe d'abord le problème dans le cadre général de la philosophie actuelle qui prévaut en matière de protection de l'environnement en général, et aussi dans le contexte dans lequel ce dernier a été pris en considération jusqu'à aujourd'hui par la radioprotection de l'homme. L'état actuel de la connaissance acquise à propos des effets des radiations ionisantes sur les êtres vivants animaux et végétaux est ensuite brièvement rappelé, de l'échelle des individus à celle des communautés et des écosystèmes, des expositions aiguës aux expositions chroniques, aux fortes et aux faibles doses, pour finalement déboucher sur I'idenMication des lacunes les plus critiques : les effets de combinaisons de faibles doses en situation d'exposition chronique sur les communautés vivantes et les écosystèmes. Sont ensuite présentés les efforts internationaux les plus significatifs entrepris dans le but d'identifier des critères et des méthodes standards pour la radioprotection de l'environnement, ainsi que quelques exemples nationaux pertinents. ABSTRACT RÉSUMÉ

show abstract

Histo-autoradiographic localisation of americium (241Am) in tissues of European lobster Homarus gammarus and edible crab Cancer pagurus after uptake from labelled sea water

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Experimental study of the transfer of transuranium nuclides in marine decapod crustaceans

Experimental study of the transfer of transuranium nuclides in marine decapod crustaceans

Accumulation of 241Am in subcellular structures of the hepatopancreas of the lobster Homarus gammarus

Impact of radioactivity on the environment: Problems, state of current knowledge and approaches for identification of radioprotection criteria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About