Histo-anatomic Aspects on Zea Mays L. Influenced by Hemp Shives Polyphenolic Extract

Abstract

The plant kingdom is an inexhaustible source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant character. It is known that, natural polyphenols are essential compounds in stimulating plant growth and development. The aim of this study was to identify the internal structure changes in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings, under the influence of hemp shives polyphenolic extract. Hemp shives polyphenolic extract was characterized in terms of the total content of polyphenols and individual content by HPLC. Germination tests were carried out going through a standard procedure. In order to perform the histo-anatomical characterization, the vegetal material was fixed and preserved in alcohol 70%, following to be cut by hand microtome. The sections obtained were stained using double staining reagents: green - iodine and ruthenium red. It was observed, compared with the control, that hemp shives polyphenolic extract determines a good development of the root hairs and increase leading bundles number and central vessels metaxylem. Hemp shives polyphenolic extract in lower concentrations has positive effects on developed process of Zea mays L. plants that can be attributed to bioregulation properties.

Phytotoxicity evaluation of some dibrominated cinnamic acid derivatives on Phaseolus vulgaris

“…Compound I7 (2,3-dibromo-3-(3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5methoxyphenyl) propanoic acid) stimulated the root hairs' growth ( Figure 2B) in comparison with the chemically untreated seedlings (Figure 2A'). Similar results were also obtained by Tănase et al; the exposure of maize seedlings to small quantities of aqueous extract obtained from the spruce bark (rich in polyphenolic compounds) determined a good development of root hairs (C. TANASE & al [15]). Meanwhile compound I3 (2,3-dibromo-3-(3,4dimethoxyphenyl) propanoic acid) strongly inhibited the formation of root hairs ( Figure 2C), affecting the absorption of water and nutrients, which ultimately led to growth reduction of the seedlings and changes in their morphology.…”

“…The roots were preserved in alcohol 70% and then transverse sections were manually performed using the botanic razor. The resulting sections were treated with Javel water, then colored with ruthenium red and analyzed in Optika light microscope (G. SERBANESCU-JITARIU & al [13], A. JITĂREANU & al [14], C. TANASE & al [15]). The photographs were performed by using a Canon A50 camera.…”

“…Data presented in other scientific papers usually indicate an inhibitory effect on plant growth in the presence of ferulic acid (W.D. DOS SANTOS & al [19]), but there are studies that also showed that the exposure of plants to low concentrations of compounds with phenol groups (polyphenols) can have a positive effect on roots growth (C. TANASE & al [15]).…”

New Aspects of Biomass Waste Valorization: Spruce Bark Crude Extracts as Plant Growth Regulators

“…For histo-anatomical observations (Tanase et al 2016), the basil plants were first fixed and preserved in 70% alcohol and were then prepared for further analysis by classic procedure. As a first step, cross sections (ten sections for every sample) through the vegetative organs of the plants and seedlings were made.…”

Wood Bark as Valuable Raw Material for Compounds with a Bioregulator Effect in Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis L.) Plants

“…Recent studies indicate the beneficial effects of the plant: anti-bacterial, spasmolytic, memory improvement, sedative, stress, and anxiety reductant [6]. Polyphenols are widely distributed products in the plant kingdom, which are found in fruits, vegetables, tea, and coffee [7]. They possess a wide variety of physiological effects such as anti-inflammatory and anti-allergenic but mostly antioxidant.…”