Hippocampal subfield measurement and ILAE hippocampal sclerosis subtype classification with in vivo 4.7 tesla MRI

Seizure control does not predict hippocampal subfield volume change in children with focal drug-resistant epilepsy

“…31 In vivo MRI of hippocampal body subfield identified abnormality in subfield volume in patients with hippocampal sclerosis, which corresponded with International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) hippocampal sclerosis subtypes based on histology. 32 Voets et al. 33 evaluated patients with MRI-negative temporal lobe epilepsy and found hippocampal subfield atrophy in nine out of 12 (75%) patients, commonly affecting CA3.…”

“…31 In vivo MRI of hippocampal body subfield identified abnormality in subfield volume in patients with hippocampal sclerosis, which corresponded with International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) hippocampal sclerosis subtypes based on histology. 32 Voets et al 33 evaluated patients with MRI-negative temporal lobe epilepsy and found hippocampal subfield atrophy in nine out of 12 (75%) patients, commonly affecting CA3. Studies that have assessed hippocampal subfields have done so in adults with temporal lobe epilepsy, and were cross-sectional studies comparing hippocampal subfield volumes on MRI to histological assessment.…”

Histological correlates of hippocampal magnetization transfer images in drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy patients

“…In our consecutive sections from the hippocampal body immunostained for NeuN, GFAP, HLA-DR, and CSPG, we saw the same type of HS. However, we are aware that some studies indicated a variability of HS type across the hippocampal long axis ( Steve et al, 2020 , Thom et al, 2012 ). Although only a few studies have shown this variability, the use of several consecutive slices for the immunohistochemistry evaluation would also be necessary.…”

Improving surgical outcome with electric source imaging and high field magnetic resonance imaging

“…Differences in diffusion parameters, which reflect the possible fiber reorganization linked to the neuron loss, can also differentiate HS types 1 and 2 [83]. Additionally, a 4.7 T study showed variability in subfield volumes along the hippocampal axis of HS cases, hinting towards possible inhomogeneous HS in some mesial temporal lobe epilepsy patients [84]. Diffusion images done in high-field machines have huge potential for diagnostics and study the reorganization of fiber tracts, as implied by case-reports in which 11.7 T and 17.6 T fields were used to investigate fiber orientation [85,86].…”