Hip muscle weakness and reduced joint range of motion in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome: a case-control study

Abstract

Background: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome is a hip joint motion-related clinical disorder characterized by abnormal contact between the hip joint structures. Abnormal hip morphology and joint pain may impair the hip joint range of motion (ROM) and muscle function. However, FAI effects on hip joint ROM and muscle strength remain controversial. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare hip joint ROM and muscle strength between FAI syndrome patients and healthy controls. Methods: Twenty FAI syndrome male patients and 20 healthy male controls (CG) matched for age (FAI = 28 ± 6 years; CG = 27 ± 5 years), body mass (FAI = 81 ± 12 kg; CG = 80 ± 13 kg) and height (FAI = 177 ± 6 cm; CG = 178 ± 6 cm), participated in the study. Hip joint ROM for flexion, internal rotation and external rotation were assessed through goniometry. Maximal isometric strength for hip flexion, extension, abduction and adduction were evaluated through hand-held dynamometry. Results: Hip joint ROM was significantly lower in FAI syndrome patients compared with CG for passive flexion (−4%; effect size-ES = 0.65), active internal rotation (−42%; ES = 1.60), active external rotation (−28%; ES = 1.46) and passive external rotation (−23%; ES = 1.63). FAI patients' hip extensors (−34%; ES = 1.46), hip adductors (−33%; ES = 1.32), and hip flexors (−25%; ES = 1.17) were weaker compared to the CG subjects.

Strength Training versus Stretching for Improving Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…It should be noted that muscle weakness is associated with diminished ROM [ 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Strength training (ST) can be achieved through a number of methods, as long as resistance is applied to promote strength gains, and includes methods as diverse as using free weights or plyometrics [ 31 ].…”

Influence of simulated hip muscle weakness on hip joint forces during deep squatting

“…Based on previous studies reporting that hip muscle strength in patients with groin pain or FAI is approximately 10%-35% lower than that in healthy individuals (Casartelli et al, 2011;Frasson et al, 2020;Harris-Hayes et al, 2014;Kloskowska et al, 2016), simulations were performed under three conditions of each muscle for each squat task: full-strength simulation (without muscle weakness), mild muscle weakness (15% decrease), and severe muscle weakness (30% decrease). In the muscle weakened models, before inverse dynamics analysis, muscle volume was modified by 15% and 30% decrease of the original muscle volume against the following muscle for exploring the effects of each muscle volume on hip internal contact force, separately: superior and inferior gluteus maximus (sGlutMax and iGlutMax), anterior and posterior gluteus medius (aGlutMed and pGlutMed), anterior, middle, and posterior gluteus minimus, semitendinosus (ST), semimembranosus (SM), biceps femoris long head (BF), distal, middle, and proximal adductor magnus, gracilis (Grac), adductor longus (AddLong), psoas major, iliacus, rectus femoris, sartorius, tensor fasciae latae, deep external rotator muscles (ExtRot) including piriformis, obturator internus and externus, gemellus superior and inferior, and quadratus femoris, and combined iGlutMax and ExtRot (iGlutMax+ExtRot).…”

Greater trochanteric pain syndrome in women: Analysis of magnetic resonance, sagittal alignment, muscular strength and endurance of the hip and trunk

“…Muscle strength and endurance tests were developed by a physiotherapist, with more than 10 years of experience in traumatic and orthopedic disorders. A portable dynamometer (MicroFet ® , Hoggan Scientific, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA), that demonstrated excellent reliability for analysis for the strength of the hip muscles, 21 was used for assessing the strength of hip‐muscle groups: extensors and flexors, internal and external rotators, adductors, and abductors (Figure 1A, B, C, D, E, F) as proposed by Oliveira et al 22 The subjects performed a maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) for five seconds, which was recorded three times with a 1‐minute break in between each repetition. The interval between each muscle group evaluation was the necessary time frame for changing positions, however, respecting a minimum 1‐ minute interval.…”