“…The orthorhombic phase is stabilized by a series of effects, including doping, strain, capping layer, oxygen vacancies, thermal expansion mismatch, surface energy, etc. ,, However, the aforementioned parameters are often coupled (e.g., strain and oxygen vacancies), and so future work will require careful decoupling of these parameters. Recently, a polar rhombohedral phase was also reported in ZrO 2 and Hf 0.5 Zr 0.5 O 2 thin films. − There is promise also for HfO 2 and ZrO 2 materials in non-volatile memory devices, multiferroics, FE tunnel junctions, and field effect transistors. − However, there is limited work on ES capacitors. Thus, we focus the rest of this review on the current status and prospects of using HfO 2 , ZrO 2 , and HZO in ES capacitors.…”