Highly stable and efficient inverted organic solar cells based on low-temperature solution-processed PEIE and ZnO bilayers

Jin, Won‐Yong; Ginting, Riski Titian; Jin, Sung‐Ho; Kang, Jae‐Wook

doi:10.1039/c6ta00957c

Cited by 55 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Variations in the WF at an interface can significantly alter energy alignments and, thereby, affect carrier transport. [6c,28] Thus, one reason for the improved electron extraction and device performance of our CND devices might have been the change in the energy levels of the ZnO. Our results indicate that changes in the surface status (surface energy, topography, and WF) of the ZnO layer altered both the blend film morphology and the carrier transport efficiency such that the FFs and PCEs of the OPVs improved.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Carbonized Bamboo‐Derived Carbon Nanodots as Efficient Cathode Interfacial Layers in High‐Performance Organic Photovoltaics

Juang

Kao

Wang

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Inter

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have been demonstrated as efficient IFmodified layer for OPV applications, [2] including self-organized molecules, [3] conjugated materials, [2b] ionic compounds (e.g., electrolytes), [4] metal oxides, [1g,5] and nonconjugated organic materials. [6] Typically, the mechanism through which the PCE is improved relies on (i) passivation of interfaces to suppress carrier recombination, [7] (ii) enhanced carrier extraction, [8] (iii) enhancing interfacial dipoles and modifying the work function (built-in dipole) of the electrode to ensure better energy levels alignment, [9] (iv) smoothing the surface of the substrate, [10] and (v) optimizing the blend film morphology. [11] Carbon nanodots (CNDs) are interesting carbon nanomaterials for optoelectronic applications because of their strong luminescence emissions, good water solubility, tunable optical and electronic properties, and photochemical stability. [12] CNDs typically comprise sp 2 -hybridized carbon atoms and present oxygen-containing functional groups (e.g., epoxy, ether, carbonyl, hydroxyl, carboxylic acid) on their surfaces. These oxygen-rich functionalities impart the CNDs with high water dispersibility and make them ready for modification with organic, inorganic, or biological materials. [13] CNDs exhibit interesting photoluminescence (PL) properties because of their sizes, edge shapes, and surface functional groups, and have demonstrated potential applicability in sensing, catalysis, biolabeling, photovoltaic devices, optoelectronic devices, and energy storage. [13d,e,14] CNDs have been employed as active layers, electrolytes, dopants, hole transporting layers, and interfacialmodified layers (IFLs) for dye-sensitized organic and perovskite solar cells. [12] Chen and co-workers first demonstrated the use of amino-based CNDs as efficient zinc oxide (ZnO) or Al-doped ZnO IFLs for OPVs and observed improvements in PCE of up to 10.24%. [13c] Yang et al. used CNDs as a cathode [indium tin oxide (ITO)]-modifying layer that enhanced the interfacial dipole, thereby decreasing the work function (WF) of the electrode and increasing the performance of derived OPV devices from 4.14% to 8.13% when using a poly [4,8bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thien-2-yl)benzo [1,2-b:4,5-b′-dithiopheneco-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b] thiophene-2-carboxylate](PTB7-Th)/ phenyl-C 71 -butyric acid methyl ester (PC 71 BM) blend film as the active layer. [15] These previous studies highlight the potential emerging applications of CNDs as IFLs. CNDs can be prepared

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Carbonized Bamboo‐Derived Carbon Nanodots as Efficient Cathode Interfacial Layers in High‐Performance Organic Photovoltaics

Juang

Kao

Wang

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Inter

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“…Prior to spin coating the ZnO layer, the ME-TCE films were subjected to a N 2 plasma treatment at 10 W and 0.2 Torr for 30 s. The ZnO precursor was first prepared by dissolving zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(CH 3 COO) 2 ·2H 2 O, Aldrich, 99.9%, 1.64 g) and ethanolamine (NH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH, Aldrich, 99.5%, 0.5 g) in 2-methoxyethanol (CH 3 OCH 2 CH 2 OH, Aldrich, 99.8%, 10 g)3132 under vigorous stirring for 30 mins without heat in a hydrolysis reaction. The ZnO precursor was then filtered with a 0.25 μm polypropylene (PP) filter and spin-coated onto the substrates at 5000 rpm for 40 s, followed by annealing at 150 °C for 20 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Smooth, Fully Solution-Processed Large-Area Transparent Conducting Electrodes for Organic Devices

Jin

Ginting

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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A novel approach for the fabrication of ultra-smooth and highly bendable substrates consisting of metal grid-conducting polymers that are fully embedded into transparent substrates (ME-TCEs) was successfully demonstrated. The fully printed ME-TCEs exhibited ultra-smooth surfaces (surface roughness ~1.0 nm), were highly transparent (~90% transmittance at a wavelength of 550 nm), highly conductive (sheet resistance ~4 Ω ◻−1), and relatively stable under ambient air (retaining ~96% initial resistance up to 30 days). The ME-TCE substrates were used to fabricate flexible organic solar cells and organic light-emitting diodes exhibiting devices efficiencies comparable to devices fabricated on ITO/glass substrates. Additionally, the flexibility of the organic devices did not degrade their performance even after being bent to a bending radius of ~1 mm. Our findings suggest that ME-TCEs are a promising alternative to indium tin oxide and show potential for application toward large-area optoelectronic devices via fully printing processes.

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“…Cathode interfacial materials, as one of the key materials of PSCs, require high light transmittance, high electron mobility, and matching energy levels with organic semiconductors . Many cathode interfacial materials have been successfully applied in the inverted PSCs, including metal salts such as Cs 2 CO 3 , SrF 2 , and titanium chelate and conjugated or non‐conjugated polyelectrolytes . Among various cathode interface materials, transition metal oxidation such as SnO 2 and ZnO has received extensive attention for its excellent optical transparency, high reflection constant, and thermal and chemical stability .…”

Section: Photovoltaic Parameters Of the Inverted Pscs With Or Withoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Assembled Monomolecular Layer Modified ZnO for Efficient Inverted Polymer Solar Cells with 11.53% Efficiency

Xie

Zhang

et al. 2019

Physica Rapid Research Ltrs

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Interfacial materials play a vital role in determining the charge carrier collection for the performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a monomolecular (3‐aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) layer is deposited onto ZnO, acting as cathode interfacial layer (CIL) in the inverted PSCs. Inverted PBDB‐T:IT‐M PSCs with the ZnO‐APTES CILs exhibit a power conversion efficiency of 11.53% with a short‐circuit current density of 18.37 mA cm−2, an open‐circuit voltage of 0.91 V and fill factor of 68.77%. More than 13% improvement on the power conversion efficiency is achieved by inserting APTES, due to efficient charge collection obtained by a built‐in electric field and reduced oxygen defects at the ZnO surface. The results indicate that the ZnO‐APTES layer is an efficient CIL for inverted PSCs.

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Highly stable and efficient inverted organic solar cells based on low-temperature solution-processed PEIE and ZnO bilayers

Abstract: Highly efficient and air-stable inverted organic solar cells were fabricated from solution-processed non-conjugated polyethylenimine ethoxylated as the polyelectrolyte, a zinc oxide bilayer as the electron transport layer, and an active layer of PTB7 and PC71BM.

Cited by 55 publications

References 32 publications

Carbonized Bamboo‐Derived Carbon Nanodots as Efficient Cathode Interfacial Layers in High‐Performance Organic Photovoltaics

Carbonized Bamboo‐Derived Carbon Nanodots as Efficient Cathode Interfacial Layers in High‐Performance Organic Photovoltaics

Ultra-Smooth, Fully Solution-Processed Large-Area Transparent Conducting Electrodes for Organic Devices

Self‐Assembled Monomolecular Layer Modified ZnO for Efficient Inverted Polymer Solar Cells with 11.53% Efficiency

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