“…The initial detection of HCG in urine or serum is a common indicator of pregnancy and serial measurement of HCG concentration is commonly used to differentiate normally progressing pregnancies from ectopic pregnancies or spontaneous abortions. Following cycles of IVF and embryo transfer, it is routine to confirm early pregnancy through measurement of serum concentration of HCG 10-12 days after blastocyst transfer or 12-14 days after cleavage-stage embryo transfer (Bjercke et al, 1999;Poikkeus et al, 2002), although other molecules have been tried for this purpose (Tong et al, 2007).…”