Highly sensitive Mach–Zehnder interferometer biosensor based on silicon nitride slot waveguide

Liu, Qing; Tu, Xiaoguang; Kim, Kyung Woo; Kee, Jack Sheng; Shin, Yong Moon; Han, Kyungsup; Yoon, Yong Jin; Lo, G. Q.; Park, Mi Kyoung

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2013.07.053

Cited by 212 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…index sensors based on measurement of the spectral shifts of transmission peaks. [28][29][30][31][32][33] The phase difference between the sensing arm and the reference arm of the MZI can be expressed as…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A digitally generated ultrafine optical frequency comb for spectral measurements with 0.01-pm resolution and 0.7-µs response time

Bao

et al. 2015

Light Sci Appl

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Optical spectral measurements are crucial for optical sensors and many other applications, but the prevailing methods, such as optical spectrum analysis and tunable laser spectroscopy, often have to make compromises among resolution, speed, and accuracy. Optical frequency combs are widely used for metrology of discrete atomic and molecular spectral lines. However, they are usually generated by optical methods and have large comb spacing, which limits the resolution for direct sampling of continuous spectra. To overcome these problems, this paper presents an original method to digitally generate an ultrafine optical frequency comb (UFOFC) as the frequency ruler for spectral measurements. Each comb line provides one sampling point, and the full spectrum can be captured at the same time using coherent detection. For an experimental demonstration, we adopted the inverse fast Fourier transform to generate a UFOFC with a comb spacing of 1.46 MHz over a 10-GHz range and demonstrated its functions using a Mach-Zehnder refractive index sensor. The UFOFC obtains a spectral resolution of 0.01 pm and response time of 0.7 ms; both represent 100-fold improvements over the state of the art and could be further enhanced by several orders of magnitude. The UFOFC presented here could facilitate new label-free sensor applications that require both high resolution and fast speed, such as measuring binding kinetics and single-molecule dynamics.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A digitally generated ultrafine optical frequency comb for spectral measurements with 0.01-pm resolution and 0.7-µs response time

Bao

et al. 2015

Light Sci Appl

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“…However, this structure increases the size of the biosensor. In [13], the sensing arm of the MZI based biosensor was set to be a slot waveguide structure to increase the interaction degree between the analyte and lightwave, aiming at obtaining large phase change. However, this approach increases the complexity of the waveguide design and the difficulty of the device fabrication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer integrated waveguide optical biosensor by using spectral splitting effect

Han

Shao

et al. 2017

Photonic Sens

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Abstract:The polymer waveguide optical biosensor based on the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) by using spectral splitting effect is investigated. The MZI based biosensor has two unequal width sensing arms. With the different mode dispersion responses of the two-arm waveguides to the cladding refractive index change, the spectral splitting effect of the output interference spectrum is obtained, inducing a very high sensitivity. The influence of the different mode dispersions between the two-arm waveguides on the spectral splitting characteristic is analyzed. By choosing different lengths of the two unequal width sensing arms, the initial dip wavelength of the interference spectrum and the spectral splitting range can be controlled flexibly. The polymer waveguide optical biosensor is designed, and its sensing property is analyzed. The results show that the sensitivity of the polymer waveguide optical biosensor by using spectral splitting effect is as high as 10 4 nm/RIU, with an improvement of 2-3 orders of magnitude compared with the slot waveguide based microring biosensor.

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“…However, for the vertical slot only the quasi-TE mode confines better in the slot region, and similarly only the quasi-TM mode for the horizontal slot. Recently, research work on the use of the vertical slot waveguide to use as biosensors [22] and also to detect the DNAhybridization has been proposed in [9,23]. The sensitivity of silicon nitride vertical slot waveguide integrated with MachZehnder interferometer (MZI) can be 1864 /RIU (refractive index unit) [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, research work on the use of the vertical slot waveguide to use as biosensors [22] and also to detect the DNAhybridization has been proposed in [9,23]. The sensitivity of silicon nitride vertical slot waveguide integrated with MachZehnder interferometer (MZI) can be 1864 /RIU (refractive index unit) [23]. Also, the sensitivity of vertical multiple-slot waveguides has been found to be three times better than the single slot waveguide [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of a horizontal slot waveguide biosensor to detect DNA hybridization

et al. 2015

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Highly sensitive Mach–Zehnder interferometer biosensor based on silicon nitride slot waveguide

Cited by 212 publications

References 42 publications

A digitally generated ultrafine optical frequency comb for spectral measurements with 0.01-pm resolution and 0.7-µs response time

A digitally generated ultrafine optical frequency comb for spectral measurements with 0.01-pm resolution and 0.7-µs response time

Polymer integrated waveguide optical biosensor by using spectral splitting effect

Optimization of a horizontal slot waveguide biosensor to detect DNA hybridization

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