Highly selective vapor phase nitration of toluene to 4-nitro toluene using modified and unmodified H3PO4/ZSM-5

Regioselective Nitration of Deactivated Mono-Substituted Benzenes Using Acyl Nitrates Over Reusable Acidic Zeolite Catalysts

“…In the case of nitration of monosubstituted benzenes containing an ortho/para-directing substituent such as an alkyl or halogeno group much progress has been made [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. For example, we have shown that nitration of toluene using a stoichiometric mixture of nitric acid and acetic anhydride over a reusable zeolite Hb catalyst allows production of the para-isomer in 80% yield, with the isomeric nitrotoluenes and easily recoverable acetic acid as the only by-products [8,9].…”

Fast and Efficient Nitration of Salicylic Acid and Some Other Aromatic Compounds over H3PO4/TiO2‐ZrO2 Using Nitric Acid

“…Phosphate-based solid acids have already been quite efficacious in several industrially important acid-demanding reactions. 14,15 In addition, phosphate seems to enhance catalytic properties, to stabilize surface area and crystal phase, to improve the surface acidity and to make the impregnated material porous. 16 Recently, it has been observed that H 3 PO 4 /TiO 2 -ZrO 2 (1/1)-surf showed high thermal stability, low catalytic deactivation and very good selectivity for Beckmann rearrangement, 17 acylation of phenol 18 and Fries rearrangement.…”

ZSM-5-SO3H as a novel, efficient, and reusable catalyst for the chemoselective synthesis and deprotection of 1,1-diacetates under eco-friendly conditions

“…Some of the solid supported acids, e.g., SiO 2 -OSO 3 H [29] and HClO 4 -SiO 2 [42], are utilized as catalysts for the preparation of 1,1-diacetate derivatives from the corresponding aldehydes. Recently, we have demonstrated the applicability of SiO 2 -OSO 3 H [43], H 3 PO 4 /TiO 2 -ZrO 2 [44,45], H 3 PO 4 /ZSM-5 [46], SiO 2 -OPO 3 H [47], and SiO 2 -Cl [48] as solid supported acids in several organic transformations.…”