Highly Flexible Strain Sensor from Tissue Paper for Wearable Electronics

Li, Yuanqing; Samad, Yarjan Abdul; Taha, Tarek; Cai, Guowei; Fu, Shao‐Yun; Liao, Kin

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b00783

Cited by 214 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Flexible strain sensors have recently attracted tremendous attention due to their promising applications as wearable devices in personal health monitoring, artificial skin, sports performance monitoring, and human–machine interface . To satisfy the growing interests, significant efforts have been made to improve their overall performances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Aligned, Anisotropic Carbon Nanofiber Films for Multidirectional Strain Sensors with Exceptional Selectivity

Lee

Kim

Liú

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

158

123

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Realization of sensing multidirectional strains is essential to understanding the nature of complex motions. Traditional uniaxial strain sensors lack the capability to detect motions working in different directions, limiting their applications in unconventional sensing technology areas, like sophisticated human-machine interface and real-time monitoring of dynamic body movements. Herein, a stretchable multidirectional strain sensor is developed using highly aligned, anisotropic carbon nanofiber (ACNF) films via a facile, low-cost, and scalable electrospinning approach. The fabricated strain sensor exhibits semitransparency, good stretchability of over 30%, outstanding durability for over 2500 cycles, and remarkable anisotropic strain sensing performance with maximum gauge factors of 180 and 0.3 for loads applied parallel and perpendicular to fiber alignment, respectively. Cross-plied ACNF strain sensors are fabricated by orthogonally stacking two singlelayer ACNFs, which present a unique capability to distinguish the directions and magnitudes of strains with a remarkable selectivity of 3.84, highest among all stretchable multidirectional strain sensors reported so far. Their unconventional applications are demonstrated by detecting multi-degrees-offreedom synovial joint movements of the human body and monitoring wrist movements for systematic improvement of golf performance. The potential applications of novel multidirectional sensors reported here may shed new light into future development of next-generation soft, flexible electronics.To satisfy the growing interests, significant efforts have been made to improve their overall performances. Various materials and structures, [14][15][16][17][18] including nanosize metals, [19][20][21][22] conductive polymers, [23][24][25] nanocarbon materials, [26][27][28][29][30] and fiber or core-shell structure, [14,16,31] have been utilized to enhance the sensitivity, stretchability, linearity, and stability. Unfortunately, however, these strain sensors are designed to mainly detect a uniaxial strain while sensing multidirectional strains has rarely been accomplished, restricting their widespread applications. [32,33] The difficulty in achieving multidirectional strain sensing is due to the macro-or microscopically isotropic nature of conducting networks of strain sensors, which usually experience similar deformation upon stretching in any direction. To address this issue, geometrically engineered flexible strain gauge rosettes [34] and cross-shaped strain sensors [35] composed of isotropic piezoresistive materials were introduced previously. However, they showed a limited success with a small sensing range and an insufficient capability to distinguish the changes in multiaxial strain conditions because the isotropic piezoresistive materials experience significant destruction in their networks at high strains, regardless of the loading directions. To measure complex motions in 3D space with high accuracy requires rational design and use of suitable materials capable of detect...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Aligned, Anisotropic Carbon Nanofiber Films for Multidirectional Strain Sensors with Exceptional Selectivity

Lee

Kim

Liú

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

158

123

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“…Tissue paper was tried in the stretchable strain sensor, showing the high gauge factor of 25.3 within the 3% tensile strain. 27 However, the long-term operation was not able to be conducted at the strain beyond 3%, due to the irreversible damage of the tissue-derived conductive pathway. Recently, a cotton fabric has been used as recoverable conductive network for a stretchable strain sensor workable at 50% strain up to 2000 cycles with a very high gauge factor .…”

Section: 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the previous reports, the frequency stability of PDMS-based strain sensors was only achieved within the strain range less than 50%. [27][28][29] It provided our strain sensors with the ability to monitor the large-scale movements of human body.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

From wheat bran derived carbonaceous materials to a highly stretchable and durable strain sensor

Ren

Zhang

et al. 2017

RSC Adv.

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Highly stretchable strain sensors with exceptional sensitivity and durability are essential for applications in human health monitoring, soft robotics, etc. The majority of stretchable strain sensors are composite materials using conductive fillers to produce sensitivity and an elastic polymer to acquire stretchability.However, it is difficult to develop highly sensing strain sensors meanwhile possessing stretchability, durability and frequency stability, all of which are particularly important for real use. The high strains applied always cause stress concentration around the conductive network, leading to unrepaired cracks during cyclic operations. It is challenging to design an appropriate composite structure where the interaction between fillers and polymers remains stable upon large deformations with minimal stress concentration. In this work, we created a strain sensor with a conductive network stacked with highly homogeneous carbon fragments from wheat bran derived carbonaceous materials, each of which apportioned the strain as equally as possible to minimize the local deformation and stress concentration.The sensor showed excellent durability over 10 000 stretching cycles at 80% strain with high sensitivity (gauge factor of 62.8) and frequency stability (0.01-1 Hz), among the highest recorded for stretchable strain sensors based on nanocarbon materials and biomass materials.

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“…So, these types of sensors have been developed with techniques like screenprinting [59], spin-coating [60], where a separate membrane of enzymes like cholesterol esterase [59], cholesterol oxidase [61] had been immobilized on the sensing surface. Pressure [62,63] and strain [64,65] sensors are one of the most standardized applications of flexible sensors. Different kinds of piezoresistive and piezoelectric sensors have been developed till date to monitor various physiological parameters by using them as bandages, gloves, etc.…”

Section: Types Of Sensing Using Wearable Flexible Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Flexible Sensors: A Review

2017

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Abstract-The paper provides a review on some of the significant research work done on wearable flexible sensors (WFS). Sensors fabricated with flexible materials have been attached to a person along with the embedded system to monitor a parameter and transfer the significant data to the monitoring unit for further analyses. The use of wearable sensors has played a quite important role to monitor physiological parameters of a person to minimize any malfunctioning happening in the body. The paper categorizes the work according to the materials used for designing the system, the network protocols and different types of activities that were being monitored. The challenges faced by the current sensing systems and future opportunities for the wearable flexible sensors regarding its market values are also briefly explained in the paper.

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Highly Flexible Strain Sensor from Tissue Paper for Wearable Electronics

Cited by 214 publications

References 37 publications

Highly Aligned, Anisotropic Carbon Nanofiber Films for Multidirectional Strain Sensors with Exceptional Selectivity

Highly Aligned, Anisotropic Carbon Nanofiber Films for Multidirectional Strain Sensors with Exceptional Selectivity

From wheat bran derived carbonaceous materials to a highly stretchable and durable strain sensor

Wearable Flexible Sensors: A Review

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