Wearable Flexible Sensors: A Review

Nag, Anindya; Mukhopadhyay, Subhas Chandra; Kosel, Jürgen

doi:10.1109/jsen.2017.2705700

Cited by 422 publications

(223 citation statements)

References 191 publications

(183 reference statements)

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“…[66][67][68] Nowadays, the appearance of sensors in our daily life has revolutionized human's living quality. [76] Adv. But wearable sensors are expected to be the most practicable and prospective applications in the near future.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wearable devices equipped with a series of simplified sensors such as temperature, [69] strain sensors for posture and body movement, [70,71] biosensors for disease monitoring, [72][73][74] and multifunctional sensors for voice and facial expression detection [75] can preciously and real-timely feedback necessary body parameters to a central system. [76] Adv. Mater.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significance of Nanomaterials in Wearables: A Review on Wearable Actuators and Sensors

et al. 2018

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Powered by market hype, trends among youth, and enormous funds, wearable technology has propelled itself as one of the most discussed topics in the field during past few years. A number of different companies representing all throughout the world have already entered into the market with hundreds of different products like smart watches, fitness trackers, smart garments, and even different smart medical attachments.Together with the evolution of digital health care, the wearable electronics field has evolved rapidly during the past few years and is expected to be expanded even further within the first few years of the next decade. As the next stage of wearables is predicted to move toward integrated wearables, nanomaterials and nanocomposites are in the spotlight of the search for novel concepts for integration. In addition, the conversion of current devices and attachment-based wearables into integrated technology may involve a significant size reduction while retaining their functional capabilities. Nanomaterialbased wearable sensors have already marked their presence with a significant distinction while nanomaterial-based wearable actuators are still at their embryonic stage. This review looks into the contribution of nanomaterials and nanocomposites to wearable technology with a focus on wearable sensors and actuators.

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Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Nanomaterials in Wearables: A Review on Wearable Actuators and Sensors

et al. 2018

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“…Fabric as one of the main textiles, if made from flexible and electrical yarns had been demonstrated sensing performance because of its 3D network structure. Sensitivity was normally introduced to evaluate the sensing performance which is expressed as gauge factor ( GF = dR R , where dR is the change rate of resistance, R is the initial resistance, and ε is applied strain) [13]. Three main 3D network structures of fabric (woven, knitting, and non-woven) can be used as strain sensor of E-textiles, of which woven fabric sensor was characterized by relatively high sensitivity and low stretchability due to the relatively tight texture [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D network structure and sensing performance of woven fabric as promising flexible strain sensor

Liu

et al. 2019

SN Appl. Sci.

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A flexible strain sensor was developed through weaving conductive yarns to 3D woven fabric. The relationship between the sensing performance of the woven fabric and its 3D network structure containing yarn shrinkage and arrangement density, as well as fabric interweaving, was investigated according to Pierce's fabric geometry model and the assumption of elastic strain of yarn. Based on such models and assumption, the theoretical results were verified by the experimental data from uniaxial stretching, and the trends of both results were consistent. The sensitivity of woven fabric on its elastic strain is relatively small (GF < 2) and nonlinearity. With the deformation of fabric geometry structure (Stage I) caused by stretching on warp direction, the shrinkage of weft yarn (c w ) and interweaving points (n w ) decreased or the arrangement density of warp yarn (N j ) increased, resulting in improved sensitivity on warp direction. At yarn deformation stage (Stage II), the increase in interweaving points (n w ) or the decrease in arrangement density of warp yarn (N j ) could improve the sensitivity on warp direction. All the results provide a theory basis for the design and development of flexible strain sensor with promising application as wearable electronic device.

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“…To this end, different from existing approaches of using vehicle built-in devices or vision systems, we propose a wearable-sensing-based maneuver intention understanding approach using a wearable sensory system [17][18][19] to assist the human in the maneuvering of robotic vehicle without physical contact. This interaction method does not restrain the human's hand to be physically involved in the driving task and can be applied in the complicated human-robotic vehicle interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hands-Free Maneuvers of Robotic Vehicles via Human Intentions Understanding Using Wearable Sensing

Wang

Guo

et al. 2018

Journal of Robotics

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Intelligent robotic vehicles are more and more fully automated, without steering wheels, gas/brake pedals, or gearshifts. However, allowing the human driver to step in and maneuver the robotic vehicle under specific driving requirements is a necessary issue that should be considered. To this end, we propose a wearable-sensing-based hands-free maneuver intention understanding approach to assist the human to naturally operate the robotic vehicle without physical contact. The human intentions are interpreted and modeled based on the fuzzy control using the forearm postures and muscle activities information detected by a wearable sensory system, which incorporates electromyography (EMG) sensors and inertial measurement unit (IMU). Based on the maneuver intention understanding model, the human can flexibly, intuitively, and conveniently control diverse vehicle maneuvers only using his intention expressions. This approach was implemented by a series of experiments in the practical situations on a lab-based 1/10 robotic vehicle research platform. Experimental results and evaluations demonstrated that, by taking advantage of the nonphysical contact and natural handleability of this approach, the robotic vehicle was successfully and effectively maneuvered to finish the driving tasks with considerable accuracy and robustness in human-robotic vehicle interaction.

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Wearable Flexible Sensors: A Review

Cited by 422 publications

References 191 publications

Significance of Nanomaterials in Wearables: A Review on Wearable Actuators and Sensors

Significance of Nanomaterials in Wearables: A Review on Wearable Actuators and Sensors

3D network structure and sensing performance of woven fabric as promising flexible strain sensor

Hands-Free Maneuvers of Robotic Vehicles via Human Intentions Understanding Using Wearable Sensing

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