Highly Exfoliated Water-Soluble Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Liang, Feng; Beach, Jonathan M.; Pradeep, K.; Guo, Wenhua; Hauge, Robert H.; Pasquali, Matteo; Smalley, R. E.; Billups, W. E.

doi:10.1021/cm0526967

Cited by 76 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Comparing that the diameter of the pristine nanotubes used in this study is about 11.35 nm (measured at 20 points, see -is attached to the nanotube surfaces, sulfonated salt will be formed on the surface, which probably makes the nanotubes dissolved in water just as reported by Liang et al [13]. In order to provide direct evidence for the added functional groups on the nanotube surfaces, XPS analysis was performed on both the pristine nanotubes and treated nanotubes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Up to now, many efforts have been made to prepare water-soluble CNTs [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and numerous methods for chemical functionalization of carbon nanotubes, either at the tip or sidewall of CNTs, have already been reported. Among them, functional groups on nanotubes are commonly made by treating them in strong oxidants such as sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) and nitric acid (HNO 3 ) [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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One-step preparation of water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes

Zhang

et al. 2009

Applied Surface Science

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A novel one-step process using potassium persulfate (KPS) as oxidant is proposed in this paper to prepare water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). The process without the need for organic solvents and acids is a low-cost, eco-friendly, facile method. Morphology observation by atomic force microscopy (AFM) indicates that the KPS-treated SWNTs were effectively debunded without obvious shortening in their length. The functional groups and thermal stability of the treated SWNTs were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). XPS results show that several functional groups such as potassium carboxylate (-COOK), carbonyl (-C=O) and hydroxyl (-C-OH) groups were formed on the surfaces of the SWNTs, while the TGA results reveal that the quantity of the functional groups can reach to approximately 20%.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-step preparation of water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes

Zhang

et al. 2009

Applied Surface Science

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“…[11,12] Unfortunately, carbon nanotubes naturally form bundles because of very strong intertubular van der Waals attractions, which complicates their use. [13][14][15] Carbon nanotubes can be chemically modified to improve the interfacial interaction and overall dispersion/exfoliation, [16][17][18][19] however, the atomic structural perfection of the nanotube will be impaired and composite electrical conductivity will suffer from this approach. [20,21] Another way to make conductive nanotube-filled polymer composites is to introduce a third component, usually a polymer or surfactant, [22][23][24][25][26] as a dispersing aid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clay Assisted Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes in Conductive Epoxy Nanocomposites

Liu

Grunlan

2007

Adv Funct Materials

289

200

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Clay was introduced into single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWNT)/epoxy composites to improve nanotube dispersion without harming electrical conductivity or mechanical performance. Unlike surfactant or polymer dispersants, clay is mechanically rigid and known to enhance the properties (e.g., modulus, gas barrier, and flame retardation) of polymer composites. Combining nanotubes and clay allows both electrical and mechanical behavior to be simultaneously enhanced. With just 0.05 wt % SWNT, electrical conductivity is increased by more than four orders of magnitude (from 10–9 to 10–5 S cm–1) with the addition of 0.2 wt % clay. Furthermore, the percolation threshold of these nanocomposites is reduced from 0.05 wt % SWNT to 0.01 wt % with the addition of clay. SWNTs appear to have an affinity for clay that causes them to become more exfoliated and better networked in these composites. This clay‐nanotube synergy may make these composites better suited for a variety of packaging, sensing, and shielding applications.

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“…Billups and coworkers have used benzoyl peroxide to produce phenyl radicals which either phenylate SWNTs directly or generate alkyl radicals from iodides [11,12]. This approach provides a simple one-pot reaction that should be amenable to perfluorinated alkyl iodides, with one caveat: perfluorinated alkyl iodides are highly unstable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radical addition of perfluorinated alkyl iodides to multi-layered graphene and single-walled carbon nanotubes

et al. 2010

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A simple one-pot reaction that serves to functionalize graphite nanosheets (graphene) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with perfluorinated alkyl groups is reported. Free radical addition of 1-iodo-1H,1H,2H, 2H-perfluorododecane to ortho-dichlorobenzene suspensions of the carbon nanomaterial is initiated by thermal decomposition of benzoyl peroxide. Similarly, UV photolysis of 1-iodo-perfluorodecane serves to functionalize the carbon materials. Perfluorododecyl-SWNTs, perfluorododecyl-graphene, and perfluorodecyl-graphene are characterized by infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The products show enhanced dispersability in CHCl 3 as compared to unfunctionalized starting materials. The advantage of this one-pot functionalization procedure lies in the use of pristine graphite as starting material thereby avoiding the use of harsh oxidizing conditions.

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Highly Exfoliated Water-Soluble Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Cited by 76 publications

References 19 publications

One-step preparation of water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes

One-step preparation of water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes

Clay Assisted Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes in Conductive Epoxy Nanocomposites

Radical addition of perfluorinated alkyl iodides to multi-layered graphene and single-walled carbon nanotubes

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