Highly Efficient In Vitro Reparative Behaviour of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Cultured with Standardised Platelet Lysate Supplementation

Abstract

Dental pulp is an accessible source of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). The perspective role of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in regenerative medicine demands an in vitro expansion and in vivo delivery which must deal with the safety issues about animal serum, usually required in cell culture practice. Human platelet lysate (PL) contains autologous growth factors and has been considered as valuable alternative to fetal bovine serum (FBS) in cell cultures. The optimum concentration to be added of such supplement is highly dependent on its preparation whose variability limits comparability of results. By in vitro experiments, we aimed to evaluate a standardised formulation of pooled PL. A low selected concentration of PL (1%) was able to support the growth and maintain the viability of the DPSCs. The use of PL in cell cultures did not impair cell surface signature typically expressed by MSCs and even upregulated the transcription of Sox2. Interestingly, DPSCs cultured in presence of PL exhibited a higher healing rate after injury and are less susceptible to toxicity mediated by exogenous H2O2 than those cultured with FBS. Moreover, PL addition was shown as a suitable option for protocols promoting osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Taken together, our results indicated that PL is a valid substitute of FBS to culture and differentiate DPSCs for clinical-grade use.

Wound Dressing Selection Is Critical to Enhance Platelet-Rich Fibrin Activities in Wound Care

“…The strategy was to provide a molecular healing milieu, including chemotactic cytokines to facilitate cell infiltration into the wound area (e.g., CXCL7 (neutrophil activating peptide), RANTES (regulated upon activation, normally T-expressed and presumably secreted), PF4 (platelet factor 4), SDF-1α (stromal cell derived factor 1) and growth factors, such as PDGF (platelet derived growth factor), EGF (epidermal growth factor), TGF-b1 (transforming growth factor), VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), and HGF (hepatocyte growth factor) to drive cell proliferation and angiogenesis [6]. This panel of active molecules released by platelets upon activation drives the healing activities of different cell phenotypes, including mesenchymal stem cells [7], innate immune cells and local cells [8,9]. In addition, the platelet secretome contains peptides and proteins (e.g., thrombocidins) with antibacterial activities [10].…”

Comparison of Human Platelet Lysate and Fetal Bovine Serum in Culture Media for Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell Proliferation

“…This study highlights hPL as a replacement for FBS in culture media for the proliferation of hDPSCs [16]. hDPSCs were first isolated from teeth in 2000 by Gronthos et al and are considered a primary source of MSCs.…”

“…The possibility of using animal-free culture media has been reported in several recent studies by substituting FBS with human-derived supplements such as hPL or human serum [7,16]. Media preparations have already been demonstrated to be a powerful source of growth factors, useful in the treatment of a variety of soft and hard tissue conditions [7].…”

Recent Trends and Future Direction of Dental Research in the Digital Era

“…Overall, personalized medicine holds the key to unlocking a new frontier in dental research. Genomic sequencing, combined with the developments in medical imaging and regenerative technology, has redefined personalized medicine using novel molecular tools to perform patient-specific precision healthcare [36,37]. It has the potential to revolutionize healthcare using genomics information for individual biomarker identification [38].…”