In this paper, we report a simple method to increase the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the polymer solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) and [6, 6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester derivatives blended active layer. The approach includes using a molybdenum oxide (MoO 3 ) and Poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(4,4-(N-(4-sec-butylphenyl))diphenylamine)] (TFB) composites as the hole transport layer (HTL). Compared with that of the device with bare MoO 3 HTL, the maximum 39 % increased of PCE is obtained when MoO 3 /TFB composites as the HTL in the devices. The device with MoO 3 /TFB shows the best performance with a PCE of 3.70 %, an open-circuit voltage of 0.58 V, and a short-circuit current density of 11.39 mA/cm 2 . The intrinsically mechanisms behind PCE increased are due to the improvement in the interface layer morphology and the more appropriately energy level of the cells.