Highly efficient and stable planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells via a low temperature solution process

Zhang, Liu Qi; Zhang, Xing Wang; Yin, Z. G.; Jiang, Qi; Liu, Xin; Meng, Jiaqi; Zhao, Yifan; Wang, Hao Lin

doi:10.1039/c5ta01898f

Cited by 87 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…S1-S7. As reported previously, Cl was almost completely absent in the CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3Àx Cl x film, 26 indicating its removal from the sample during processing (i.e., via sublimation with excess MAI) [27][28][29] or its preferential location at the substrate interface. As the ratio of Bi is increased in the mixed metal perovskite the Cl content rises from 0.46 (25% Bi) up to 1.47 (100% Bi).…”

Section: B Sem/eds Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 73%

An X-ray scattering and electron microscopy study of methylammonium bismuth perovskites for solar cell applications

Kwak

Barrows

Pearson³

et al. 2017

J. Mater. Res.

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ReuseUnless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version -refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher's website. TakedownIf you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. Photovoltaics made from organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite semiconductors are attracting significant interest due to their ability to harvest sunlight with remarkable efficiency. The presence of lead in the best performing devices raises concerns regarding their toxicity, a problem that may create barriers to commercialization. Hybrid perovskites with reduced lead content are being investigated to overcome this issue and here we evaluate bismuth as a possible lead substitute. For a series of hybrid perovskite films with the general composition CH 3 NH 3 (Pb y Bi 1Ày )I 3Àx Cl x , we characterize their optical and structural properties using UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering. We show that they form crystalline structures with an optical band gap, around 2 eV for CH 3 NH 3 BiI 3 . However, preliminary solar cell tests show low power conversion efficiencies (,0.01%) due to both incomplete precursor conversion and material de-wetting from the substrate. The overall outcome is severely limited photocurrent. With current processing methods the general applicability of hybrid bismuth perovskites in photovoltaics may be limited. ARTICLES

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Section: B Sem/eds Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 73%

An X-ray scattering and electron microscopy study of methylammonium bismuth perovskites for solar cell applications

Kwak

Barrows

Pearson³

et al. 2017

J. Mater. Res.

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“…The high J SC and FF indicate that the device has a high hole extraction efficiency at the ITO/CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3ÀX Cl X interface and a low charge carrier recombination probability in the device. It should be noted that the V OC of these HTM-free devices is lower than the ones with a PEDOT:PSS HTM [9][10][11][12]. Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The PHJ solar cells with the perovskite sandwiched between holeand electron-conductors avoid the pore-filling problem and high temperature process without sacrificing efficiency compared to the meso-superstructured ones. Poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is usually used as the hole transporting materials (HTM) in the PHJ perovskite solar cells and high PCEs were obtained [9][10][11][12]. However, the acidic PEDOT:PSS can etch ITO and decompose perovskite, which results in poor stability of the devices [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hole transporting material-free and annealing-free thermal evaporated planar perovskite solar cells with an ultra-thin CH3NH3PbI3−Cl layer

Hou

Jin

et al. 2015

Organic Electronics

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“…The low temperature processing approach is useful for energy conservation and can be adopted for large-scale production and in flexible devices [5]. Spin coating technique is considered as one of the widely used and cheapest techniques for film production method [6], however, it is difficult to realize uniform and homogenous film through spin coating process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Zhang et al combined slow growth of perovskite film and introduced a ZnO interlayer and corresponding devices were highly reproducible with excellent stability [5]. Quan et al used density functional theory (DFT) where the intercalation of phenylethylammonium between perovskites introduces van der Waals interactions with increased formation energies which improved device stability [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Structural and Electronic Properties of CH3NH3PbI3 Stabilized by Varying Concentrations of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA)

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Studies have shown that perovskites have a high potential of outdoing silicon based solar cells in terms of solar energy conversion, but their rate of degradation is also high. This study reports on improvement on the stability of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 by passivating it with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). Structural and electronic properties of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 stabilized by polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) were investigated by varying concentrations of PMMA in the polymer solutions. Stability tests were performed over a period of time using modulated surface photovoltage (SPV) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. The XRD patterns confirm the tetragonal structure of the deposited CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 for every concentration of PMMA. Furthermore, CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 coated with 40 mg/mL of PMMA did not show any impurity phase even after storage in air for 43 days. The Tauc gap (E Tauc ) determined on the basis of the in-phase SPV spectra was found in the range from 1.585 to 1.62 eV for the samples stored during initial days, but shifted towards lower energies as the storage time increased. This can be proposed to be due to different chemical reactions between CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 /PMMA interfaces and air. PL intensity increased with increasing concentration of PMMA except for the perovskite coated with 40 mg/mL of PMMA. PL quenching in the perovskite coated with 40 mg/mL of PMMA can be interpreted as fast electron transfer towards the substrate in the sample. This study shows that, with an optimum concentration of PMMA coating on CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 , the lifetime and hence stability on electrical and structural behavior of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 is improved.

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Highly efficient and stable planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells via a low temperature solution process

Abstract: By combining the slow growth of the perovskite film and the introduction of a ZnO interlayer, highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells with an efficiency of 16.8% were obtained.

Cited by 87 publications

References 39 publications

An X-ray scattering and electron microscopy study of methylammonium bismuth perovskites for solar cell applications

An X-ray scattering and electron microscopy study of methylammonium bismuth perovskites for solar cell applications

Hole transporting material-free and annealing-free thermal evaporated planar perovskite solar cells with an ultra-thin CH3NH3PbI3−Cl layer

Investigation of Structural and Electronic Properties of CH3NH3PbI3 Stabilized by Varying Concentrations of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA)

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