Highly Birefringent, Low Flattened Dispersion Photonic Crystal Fiber in the Terahertz Region

Abstract

High-performance photonic crystal fiber (PCF) has an important impact on the development of the full potential of complex terahertz systems. A new kind of PCF with D-shaped air holes in core region was proposed for terahertz (THz) region. The numerical simulation results showed that the proposed PCF has a flat dispersion of 0.09 ± 0.28 ps/THz/cm at 0.8-1.2 THz. At 1 THz, an ultra-high birefringence of 0.0595, a low effective material loss (EML) of 0.0557 cm-1 , and dispersion that can be considered zero were obtained. In addition, other characteristics of the proposed PCF were strictly analyzed, such as confinement loss, bending loss, and effective mode area. The PCF is expected to be used for short distance propagation of terahertz, polarization maintaining and sensing applications of terahertz waves.

Highly birefringent photonic crystal fibers with near-zero flattened dispersion for polarization-maintaining terahertz transmission

“…To enable efficient terahertz transmission, researchers have focused on designing THz waveguides. And many types of waveguides have been introduced, such as hollow core fibers [6], solid core waveguides [7][8][9][10], Bragg fiber [11], anti-resonant fibers [12], and porous core photonic crystal fibers (PCF) [2, [13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

“…Notably, for polarization-maintaining terahertz transmission, achieving high birefringence is of paramount importance, and this can be accomplished by designing asymmetric fiber core. Prior studies have explored various geometries for porous core PCFs, including circular [15], elliptical [13,17,[19][20][21] , rectangular [14,16] , and D-shaped [18]. In addition to birefringence, dispersion represents a critical factor affecting transmission quality in THz communication systems.…”

“…The dispersion properties are influenced not only by the fiber structure but also by the choice of background material. A range of materials, such as Teflon [22], PMMA [23], TOPAS(scientifically known as cyclic olefin copolymer) [2, 15,16,18,19,21], and Zeonex [13,17,20] , have been explored for enhancing the guiding characteristics of porous core PCFs. Among these materials, TOPAS stands out as a recommended choice for waveguide propagation due to its exceptional and advantageous features.…”

A Weakly-Coupled Few-Mode Hybrid Clad Photonic Crystal Fiber With Ultra-Flattened Dispersion and Low Confinement Loss

“…Animesh et al [23] designed a circular-lattice photonic crystal fiber which has ultra-flattened average dispersion of −124.0ps/(nm.km) with a dispersion variation of ± 0.1252 ps/(nm.km) and low confinement loss. Wang et al [24] proposed a new photonic crystal fiber with D-sharped air holes in the core region, which has a flattened dispersion of 0.09 ± 0.28 ps/THz/cm and low confinement loss. However, these photonic crystal fibers only support single fundamental mode, there are few reports on weakly-coupled few-mode photonic crystal fiber (FM-PCF).…”

Design and analysis of low loss solid-core hexagonal photonic crystal fiber for applications in terahertz regime

“…Introduction Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) has the capability to localize and guide light as these structures exploit excellent optical properties which are not possible using conventional optical fibers. In recent years, PCFs have drawn significant consideration due to certain unique characteristics like endless single mode [1], large effective mode area [2], high birefringence [3], high nonlinearity [4] and tunable dispersion [5] compared to the conventional fibers. The popularity of PCF is due to its lower weight, high flexibility and low loss in optical signal [6].…”