Highlights in pathogenesis of vitiligo

Mohammed, Ghada F.; Gomaa, Amal H. A.; Al‐Dhubaibi, Mohammed Saleh

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v3.i3.221

Cited by 121 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…This results in dramatic production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as H 2 O 2 . ROS oxidize cell components, leading to melanocyte destruction and creating depigmented macules . Increased levels of H 2 O 2 were detected in the epidermis of vitiligo patients …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HMGB1 deficiency reduces H₂O₂‐induced oxidative damage in human melanocytes via the Nrf2 pathway

Mou

Liu

Miao

et al. 2018

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Oxidative stress leads to melanocyte death and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. The nuclear factor, E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2), is a critical transcription factor in protecting cells from oxidative damage. High‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a chromatin‐associated nuclear protein and an extracellular damage‐associated molecular pattern molecule. Extracellular HMGB1 released from activated immune cells, necrotic or injured cells, becomes a proinflammatory mediator through binding to cell‐surface receptors of responding cells. In this study, we investigated the role of HMGB1 from melanocytes in the response to oxidative stress and the mechanism involved. We showed that HMGB1 is expressed by primary normal human epidermal melanocytes (NHEMs). H2O2 treatment increased cytoplasmic translocation and extracellular release of HMGB1. HMGB1 knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) led to decreased apoptosis of NHEMs. HMGB1 inhibition enhanced the expression of Nrf2 and its target genes. The expression of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant genes was downregulated after the supernatant of H2O2‐treated NHEMs was added to HMGB1‐deficient cells. HMGB1 knockdown by siRNA suppressed the expression of the autophagosome marker, LC3, and enhanced p62 expression. Coimmunoprecipitation with Keap1 showed a reduced Nrf2‐Keap1 interaction and an increased p62‐Keap1 interaction under oxidative stress. These data demonstrated that external stimuli (eg, oxidative stress) may trigger autocrine HMGB1 translocation and release by melanocytes, suppressing the expression of Nrf2 and downstream antioxidant genes to induce melanocyte apoptosis, and thereby participate in the pathological process of vitiligo.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HMGB1 deficiency reduces H₂O₂‐induced oxidative damage in human melanocytes via the Nrf2 pathway

Mou

Liu

Miao

et al. 2018

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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“…15 Several theories have been proposed to highlight the exact etio-pathogenesis of vitiligo including theories of autoimmunity, auto-cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, melanocyte dysfunction, inflammatory and environmental factors. [5][6][7]17 Among the aforementioned theories, the part of autoimmunity seems the most plausible. 5 This is evidenced by its familial propensities, histological proof of cytotoxic inflammatory cells in vitiligo lesions, its response to immunosuppressive agents and its frequent association with various autoantibodies and coexistence with other autoimmune disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of thyroid dysfunctions among Nigerian patients with vitiligo

Odum¹,

Amadi²

2018

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: Vitiligo is associated with varying degrees of thyroid dysfunctions. This study was aimed to evaluate the thyroid dysfunctions in patients with vitiligo in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, West Africa.Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional analysis of thyroid function tests variables of 105 vitiligo patients who visited the Department of Chemical Pathology and Metabolic Medicine of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital between 1st January 2012 and 31st December 2016 was conducted. Records of age, sex, thyroid stimulating hormone, total thyroxine, total triiodothyronine was collected and analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk, descriptive, chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and Pearson’s tests. A statistical significance of p <0.05 was applied.Results: Females predominated among study cohort (61.9% female versus 38.1% male; p = 0.015). Most patients were less than 30 years old in both sexes. 26.7% (37 out of 105) had various degrees of thyroid dysfunctions. Among this 26.7% (37) with various thyroid dysfunctions, are 28 (75%) females and 9 (25%) males. These dysfunctions include primary hypothyroidism (6.7%), primary hyperthyroidism (1%), subclinical hypothyroidism (17.1%) and subclinical hyperthyroidism (1.9%), while the majority were euthyroid (73.3%). Subclinical hypothyroidism was the most common disorder (n = 18; 17.2%) with female preponderance (females n = 11; 61% versus males n = 7; 39%).Conclusions: This study confirms high frequency of thyroid dysfunctions among vitiligo patients. The culture of regular assessment of thyroid function should be mandatory among patients with vitiligo.

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“…Vitiligo hastalığı bu lezyonların görüntüsüne ve dağılımına göre veya güncel olarak sınıflandırılmaktadır (Şekil 1). 3,7,10,11 …”

Section: Vi̇ti̇li̇go Tanimiunclassified

Herbal Remedies and New Approaches in Vitiligo Treatment

Önder¹,

Çınar²,

Gürsoy³

2018

J Lit Pharm Sci

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oğal ürünlere olan ilgi ve hastalıkları doğal ürünlerle tedavi etme eğilimi gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Doğanın bize sunduğu ürünler sağlığımızı korumakla birlikte, hem tedavide hem de günlük yaşantımızda bizlere pek çok fayda sağlamaktadır. Etkilerinden yararlandığı-mız doğal ürünlerin başında bitkiler ve bunlardan elde edilen bileşikler J Lit Pharm Sci 2018;7(1):49-60 49 Vitiligoda Bitkisel Çözümler ve Tedavide Yeni Yaklaşımlar Ö ÖZ ZE ET T İnsanların çok eski zamanlarda başlayan bitkilere ve doğal ürünlere olan ilgisi, bunun yanında pek çok hastalığı doğal ürünlerle tedavi etme eğilimi gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Vitiligo da geçmişi milattan önceye dayanan, tarih boyunca "shwetakustha", "suitra", "kilas", "baras" gibi isimlerle anıl-mış bir pigmentasyon bozukluğudur. Kronik olarak derideki melanin pigmenti ve melanosit kaybı ile kendini belli eden, derideki depigmente maküller, yani beyaz lekeler ile tanımlanan bir rahatsızlık olarak da bilinmektedir. Günümüzde; bu hastalık pek çok insanın muzdarip olduğu, kökeni tam olarak bilinmeyen, tedavi edilse bile geri dönüşü olabilen, tam anlamıyla tedavisinin zor olduğu hastalıklar arasında yer almaktadır. Vitiligo tedavisi için çeşitli sentetik bileşikler, fototerapi ve kemoterapi uygulamalarının yanında, bunlarla kombine ya da bağımsız olarak doğal ürünlerden ve bitkilerden önemli ölçüde yararlanılmaktadır. Tedavide kullanılan doğal ürünler arasında, furokumarin ve furokromon bileşiklerine sıkça rastlanmakta iken, bitkiler dünyasında da bu hastalığın tedavisinde kullanılan pek çok bitki olmakla birlikte özellikle furokumarin içeren bitkiler gözle görülür biçimde öne çıkmaktadır. Bunun yanında, hastalığın tedavisi için hem kumarin tipi bileşikleri içeren hem de içer-meyen farklı bitkiler ve çeşitli doğal ürünler üzerinde yoğun çalışmalar hâlâ yapılmaktadır. Bu çalış-mada; hastalığın tanımı, tarihçesi, etiyolojisi, epidemiyolojisi, güncel tedavisi hakkında bilgi verilmektedir, ancak asıl olarak, vitiligonun tedavisinde adı geçen bitkilerin ve doğal ürünlerin araş-tırılması, bunların tedavide nasıl kullanıldığının ve bu konu üzerinde ortaya çıkan son gelişmelerin sunulması amaçlanmıştır.

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Highlights in pathogenesis of vitiligo

Cited by 121 publications

References 131 publications

HMGB1 deficiency reduces H₂O₂‐induced oxidative damage in human melanocytes via the Nrf2 pathway

HMGB1 deficiency reduces H₂O₂‐induced oxidative damage in human melanocytes via the Nrf2 pathway

Frequency of thyroid dysfunctions among Nigerian patients with vitiligo

Herbal Remedies and New Approaches in Vitiligo Treatment

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Highlights in pathogenesis of vitiligo

Cited by 121 publications

References 131 publications

HMGB1 deficiency reduces H2O2‐induced oxidative damage in human melanocytes via the Nrf2 pathway

HMGB1 deficiency reduces H2O2‐induced oxidative damage in human melanocytes via the Nrf2 pathway

Frequency of thyroid dysfunctions among Nigerian patients with vitiligo

Herbal Remedies and New Approaches in Vitiligo Treatment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

HMGB1 deficiency reduces H₂O₂‐induced oxidative damage in human melanocytes via the Nrf2 pathway

HMGB1 deficiency reduces H₂O₂‐induced oxidative damage in human melanocytes via the Nrf2 pathway