Higher-Order Space Harmonics in Substrate Integrated Waveguide Leaky-Wave Antennas

Rahimi, Mohammad Reza; Sharawi, Mohammad S.; Wu, Ke

doi:10.1109/tap.2020.3048530

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…However, periodic LWAs usually encounter the stopband issue when the ratio of ꞵn/k0 approaches zero. Therefore, using this feature of the arcsine function to overcome the wide scanning range requires applying methods to suppress the open stopband problem, such as a phase reversal technique [62], impedance matched unit cells [56], [63]- [64], and reflection cancelation [65]. The second feature of the arcsine function, which can be applied to overcome the limitation of a wide scanning range in periodic LWAs is the possibility of decreasing the variation of ꞵn/k0 in the passband frequency range operation of the antenna, leading to the decrease in the scanning range variation.…”

Section: Dp Lwa With Fixed and Scanning Beam Capability A Analysis An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, in this work, we demonstrate a comprehensive analysis in this regard; we analyze the behavior of two OMT modes (TE10 and TE01), along with an LWA, for different higher-order space harmonic (HSH) of each OMT operation mode. This work differs from [56] where the authors discussed the HSH behavior for a single polarization LWA and their focus was on the broadside condition of n = -2 space harmonic. Here, however, we tackle the HSH behavior with the presence of two orthogonal modes in which the geometrical effect of the LWA's unit cell on the propagation constant, leakage ratio, and stop-band for single and dual-mode operations is investigated and their differences are highlighted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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A Monolayer Dually Polarized High-Order Space Harmonic Leaky-Wave SIW Antennas With Fixed and Scanning Beam Capability

Rahimi

Sharawi

2022

IEEE Open J. Antennas Propag.

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In this work, the concept of high-order space harmonics (HSHs) applied to a hybrid form of nonradiative dielectric (NRD) waveguide and substrate-integrated square waveguide (SIW) involving both TE10 and TE01 modes is investigated with aim to develop multi-functional dually polarized leaky-wave antennas (DP-LWAs). A polarization-selective coupling (PSC) mechanism is used to guide the two orthogonally oriented modes in the hybrid structure to achieve a polarization diversity feature. The polarization effect on unit-cell geometrical structures is examined for different characteristics of LWA such as propagation constant behavior, leakage ratio, and scanning range variation. In addition, we demonstrate how the extrinsic characteristics of HSHs in a one-dimensional periodic LWA and its unit-cell analysis can provide design flexibility through two case studies. In the first case of demonstration, we show a dually polarized multi-beam LWA design with wide scanning capability in which we use both even and odd HSHs of n ϵ [-1, -2]). The second antenna design case is concerned with a DP-LWA having the capability of fixed and scanning beams operation by using a combinatory set of PSC and four HSHs of n ϵ [-1, -2, -3, -4]. Two DP-LWA prototypes are demonstrated as proofs of concept, and the obtained experimental results show a very good agreement with their simulation and analysis counterparts.INDEX TERMS One-dimensional periodic leaky-wave antenna (1D-periodic LWA), Higher-order space harmonics (HSHs), Polarization-selective coupler (PSC), Nonradiative dielectric (NRD) waveguide, Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), Dually polarized antenna (DPA).

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Section: Dp Lwa With Fixed and Scanning Beam Capability A Analysis An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Monolayer Dually Polarized High-Order Space Harmonic Leaky-Wave SIW Antennas With Fixed and Scanning Beam Capability

Rahimi

Sharawi

2022

IEEE Open J. Antennas Propag.

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“…[15]. It is to be noted that multiple spatial harmonics can exist within the light cone resulting in multiple beam radiation [16].…”

Section: Radiation Mechanism and Principle Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since LWAs are periodic structures, infinite spatial harmonics exist in the guiding media [2], [15]. Many SIW based LWAs that use higher order Floquet modes for radiation have been proposed recently [16], [17]. Although the previous works report scanning due to higher spatial harmonics, the scanning is due to two or three spatial harmonics at the same time, which leads to more than one beam radiated by the antenna.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Body V-Band Leaky-Wave Antenna for Navigation and Safety Applications

Vadher

Sacco

Nikolayev

2022

2022 IEEE Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation Conference (MAPCON)

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This paper proposes a dual-band frequency scanning meandering microstrip leaky-wave antenna with linear polarization in the Ku-band and circular polarization in the Kband. This is achieved by making use of two spatial harmonics for radiation. The unit cell of the periodic microstrip antenna contains three meanders with mitred corners. To ensure circular polarization, a theoretical formulation is developed taking into account the delay caused by microstrip length intervals. It defines the unit cell geometry by determining the length of the meanders to ensure that axial ratio remains below 3 dB throughout the operational band. Moreover, the meanders are used to provide better control over scanning rate (the ratio of change of angle of maximum radiation with frequency) and reduce spurious radiation of harmonics by ensuring single harmonic operation within the operational band. To guarantee continuous scanning through broadside direction, open stopband is suppressed using mitered angles. The antenna is designed on a 0.254-mm substrate making it suitable for conformal applications. The fabricated antenna shows a backward to forward beam steering range of 72°(-42°to 30°) in the K-band (19.4-27.5 GHz) with circular polarization and of 75°(-15°to 60°) in the Ku-band (11-15.5 GHz) with linear polarization.

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“…LWA scans backward by exciting negative higherorder Floquet modes [1], [2], [37]. It should be noted that higher-order modes can be used to achieve full-space beamscanning [38], enhance the antenna gain [8], and improve the radiation efficiency at the sub-THz frequency band [39]. As stated before, waveguide and microstrip structures are widely used as the guiding structures for realizing LWAs [1]− [5], [40].…”

Section: Leaky-wave Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Reconfigurable Leaky-Wave Antennas

et al. 2021

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A comprehensive survey of the reconfigurable leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) is made in this paper. Beam-steering and unique radiating features of LWA are highlighted particularly. Therefore, radiation mechanism of different types of LWA, including uniform, quasi-uniform, periodic, and metamaterial LWAs are discussed in detail. The guiding structures for realizing LWAs, namely microstrip, waveguide, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), and half-mode SIW (HMSIW) are investigated as well. Basic concepts of electronic beam-scanning LWAs are also introduced, and several state-of-the-art reconfigurable LWAs are studied thoroughly. The investigated reconfigurable LWAs are suitable for beam-scanning applications due to their compactness, ease of implementation, reasonably high gain, and relatively wide beam-scanning range, as will be demonstrated through this comprehensive review.

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Higher-Order Space Harmonics in Substrate Integrated Waveguide Leaky-Wave Antennas

Cited by 13 publications

References 65 publications

A Monolayer Dually Polarized High-Order Space Harmonic Leaky-Wave SIW Antennas With Fixed and Scanning Beam Capability

A Monolayer Dually Polarized High-Order Space Harmonic Leaky-Wave SIW Antennas With Fixed and Scanning Beam Capability

On-Body V-Band Leaky-Wave Antenna for Navigation and Safety Applications

A Review of Reconfigurable Leaky-Wave Antennas

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