Higher leaf area through leaf width and lower leaf angle were the primary morphological traits for yield advantage of japonica/indica hybrids

Wei, Huanhe; Yang, Yulin; Shao, Xing-yu; Shi, Tian-yi; Meng, Tianyao; Lu, Yu; Yuan, Tao; Li, Xin-yue; Ding, En-Hao; Chen, Yinglong; Dai, Qigen

doi:10.1016/s2095-3119(19)62628-6

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Meanwhile, specific leaf weight increased (p < 0.01) linearly with year of release (Figure 7), indicating thicker leaves in modern rice than the old ones. Previous studies reported that compared with a thin leaf with low specific leaf weight, a thick leaf with high specific leaf weight absorbed more radiation resources and exhibited higher leaf photosynthesis [39][40][41]. Our results also showed that specific leaf weight correlated positively both with leaf photosynthetic rate and SPAD values (Table 3), suggesting that a higher specific leaf weight might be an important parameter for reflecting improved leaf photosynthetic capacity and biomass production in high-yielding rice breeding [16,42].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Improvements in Plant Morphology Facilitating Progressive Yield Increases of japonica Inbred Rice since the 1980s in East China

Meng

Zhang

et al. 2021

Agriculture

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Grain yield was greatly increased during the genetic improvement of japonica inbred rice since the 1980s in Jiangsu, east China; thus, an improved plant morphology should be expected, considering that plant morphology is a decisive factor determining grain yield. Twelve representative japonica inbred rice released from 1983 to 2013 were grown in the same fields in 2019 and 2020. Grain yield increased (p < 0.01) at 63.3 kg ha−1 year−1 across 2 years among rice cultivars released in different periods. The genetic improvement in grain yield was associated with increased spikelets per panicle. Single panicle weight, number of primary and secondary branches, and number of grains on primary and secondary branches were all increased with a year of release. Generally, the width of top three leaves positively correlated (while angle of top three leaves and light extinction coefficient negatively) correlated (p < 0.01) with year of release. Leaf area per tiller and leaf area index at heading and maturity, specific leaf weight, leaf photosynthetic rate, and SPAD values after heading were all increased linearly with year of release. Plant height exhibited a positive (p < 0.01) trend with year of release, as well as stem weight per tiller and K and Si concentrations of stem. Spikelets per panicle, width of top three leaves, plant height, and leaf area index, and specific leaf weight after heading positively correlated (while angle of top three leaves and light extinction coefficient negatively) correlated (p < 0.01) with grain yield and single panicle weight. Our results suggested that modern japonica inbred rice exhibited expanded sink size by spikelets per panicle, higher leaf area through leaf width, optimized leaf photosynthetic capacity, lower leaf angle and light extinction coefficient, and enhanced stem strength. These improved plant morphologies facilitated yield increases of japonica inbred rice since the 1980s in east China.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Improvements in Plant Morphology Facilitating Progressive Yield Increases of japonica Inbred Rice since the 1980s in East China

Meng

Zhang

et al. 2021

Agriculture

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“…Numerous studies indicate that indica-japonica hybrid rice has high yield potential and thus has been used widely in China's rice production systems (Bian et al, 2020;Wei et al, 2020). In our experiment, however, we found the indica-japonica hybrid rice, 'Zheyou-18', produced a lower grain yield than the grain yield of the indica hybrid rice, 'Yliangyou-689', in both the control and submergence treatments (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Effects of submergence stress at the vegetative growth stage on hybrid rice growth and grain yield in China

Chen¹,

Song²,

Yan³

et al. 2021

Chil. j. agric. res.

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Submergence stress can greatly limit grain yield of inbred rice (Oryza sativa L.), but the effects of submergence on hybrid rice are unclear. A pot experiment was conducted to clarify the effects of submergence that happens at the vegetative growth stage on two Chinese hybrid rice cultivars. The rice cultivars Zheyou-18, an indica-japonica hybrid, and Yliangyou-689, an indica hybrid, were planted under two treatments, submergence (43 cm depth of tap water for about 2 wk) and control (no submergence). Results showed that the grain yield of submerged 'Yliangyou-689' was 539.0 g m -2 in 2018 and 614.2 g m -2 in 2019; submergence significantly reduced grain yield by 49.6% and 44.2% of that of the control. The lower level of grain yield was attributed to reduced survival rate, numbers of tillers and spikelets, plant dry weight, and crop growth rate, and excessive elongation of stems due to submergence of plants. The grain yield of submerged 'Zheyou-18' was 466.8 g m -2 in 2018 and 376.4 g m -2 in 2019 and neither of which were significantly different from that of the control, indicating higher submergence tolerance in 'Zheyou-18' than in 'Yliangyou-689'. Submergence did not affect plant N and K contents, but it reduced plant N uptake rates by 47.8% to 88.7% and it reduced K uptake rates by 53.9% to 89.5% of that of the control in these two hybrid cultivars. Furthermore, nonsignificant differences were observed in all of the parameters related to rice starch viscosity between control and submergence treatment.

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“…In addition, Silewa had the longest panicles, highest number of grains per panicle, highest and 1000-grain weight. Some of these variables were found to be directly associated with yield by [16] and [17]. Only Saro and Silewa had higher grain weight than the mean.…”

Section: Morphological Variations Among the Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Response of Paddy Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Morphological Characteristics to Nitrogen Fertilizers in Taveta, Kenya

Chawana¹,

Gacheru²,

Maghenda³

et al. 2021

IJPSS

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This study investigated the effect of applying nitrogenous fertilizers on the morphological traits in six paddy rice varieties in Taveta, Kenya. The six paddy rice varieties, including local control, were tested during the 2018 and 2019 seasons. The experiments were laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. The main plot was the fertilizer treatment while the subplot was the varieties tested including NIBAM-11, K2-9, MWIR-2, R-1081, Silewa, and a local control Saro. The fertilizer treatments were no fertilizer, farm yard manure (FYM) alone, FYM+Urea fertilizer, and FYM+CAN fertilizer. Significant differences (P < 0.05) among varieties were observed for all the morphological traits that were assessed. Silewa was the tallest plant (111 cm), had the highest number of grains per panicle (163), and also the highest 1000-grain weight (29.2 g). Fertilizer treatments had significant effects on plant height, leaf length, number of tillers, panicle length, and number of grains per panicle. FYM+Urea resulted in the highest number of grains per panicle while FYM alone resulted in the highest 1000- grain weight (25.56 g). Varieties significantly interacted with fertilizers for the number of grains per panicle. Leaf length had significant direct association with 1000-grain weight (r = 0.427) and grains per panicle (r = 0.874). It can be recommended that there is an opportunity to use farm yard manure alone or in combination with an inorganic fertilizer to improve yield traits while reducing dependence on inorganic fertilizers.

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Higher leaf area through leaf width and lower leaf angle were the primary morphological traits for yield advantage of japonica/indica hybrids

Cited by 17 publications

References 32 publications

Improvements in Plant Morphology Facilitating Progressive Yield Increases of japonica Inbred Rice since the 1980s in East China

Improvements in Plant Morphology Facilitating Progressive Yield Increases of japonica Inbred Rice since the 1980s in East China

Effects of submergence stress at the vegetative growth stage on hybrid rice growth and grain yield in China

Response of Paddy Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Morphological Characteristics to Nitrogen Fertilizers in Taveta, Kenya

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