Higher Intakes of Fruits and Vegetables, β-Carotene, Vitamin C, α-Tocopherol, EPA, and DHA Are Positively Associated with Periodontal Healing after Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy in Nonsmokers but Not in Smokers

Dodington, David W.; Fritz, P; Sullivan, Philip; Ward, Wendy E.

doi:10.3945/jn.115.211524

Cited by 83 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Neither supplementation of n‐3s nor aspirin by itself significantly impacts periodontitis in humans 28–30 . Cumulatively, these studies suggest that n‐3s + aspirin have clear and potentially clinically important anti‐inflammatory actions 8,10,31‐33 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Impact of Docosahexaenoic Acid Therapy on Subgingival Plaque Microbiota

Naqvi

Lin

Hastürk

et al. 2017

Journal of Periodontology

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This pilot randomized, controlled trial suggests that DHA + aspirin therapy improves periodontitis largely by modulating host inflammatory response. Changes in individual species levels in subgingival plaque microbiota were not detectable; however, a small portion of the benefit appears to stem from changes in P. gingivalis levels in the DHA + aspirin treatment group. Whether this change in P. gingivalis levels leads to biofilm alteration with reversal of dysbiosis requires further longitudinal and more specific investigations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Impact of Docosahexaenoic Acid Therapy on Subgingival Plaque Microbiota

Naqvi

Lin

Hastürk

et al. 2017

Journal of Periodontology

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“…Following initial SRP, a periodontal maintenance programme is recommended to maintain periodontal health and prevent the recurrence and progression of periodontitis in order to avoid tooth loss and to maintain or improve the probing depths (PDs) achieved following SRP (Axelsson & Lindhe, ; Becker, Berg, & Becker, ; Chambrone, Chambrone, Lima, & Chambrone, ; Chambrone & Chambrone, ; Lindhe & Nyman, ; McGuire, ). A previous study, on which this study is based, reported that a diet higher in fruits and vegetables, beta‐carotene, vitamin C, alpha‐tocopherol and fish oils (specifically the long‐chain omega‐3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) was positively associated with periodontal healing after SRP (Dodington, Fritz, Sullivan, & Ward, ). This positive association with fruits and vegetables may be due to higher intakes of flavonoids with known antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties; of particular interest is higher intakes of flavonoids as well as higher intakes of fruits and vegetables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher intakes of flavonoids are associated with lower salivary IL‐1β and maintenance of periodontal health 3–4 years after scaling and root planing

Sparrow

Dodington

Yumol

et al. 2020

J Clinic Periodontology

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Aims Higher intakes of fruits and vegetables, and vitamin C are associated with improved periodontal healing post‐scaling and root planing (SRP). This study determined if this association was sustained at 3–4 years post‐SRP, and if flavonoid intake is associated with periodontal health. Whether reduced probing depth (PD) is sustained and whether PD is correlated with salivary IL‐1β, IL‐6 and CRP at 3–4 years post‐SRP were also studied. Materials and Methods Clinical periodontal outcomes, dietary intakes and salivary markers of inflammation were measured in patients (n = 43, 23 females, 37–93 years) who had undergone SRP 3–4 years earlier and had been part of a periodontal maintenance programme. Results Flavonoid intake was inversely associated with PD (p = .042) and salivary IL‐1β concentration (p = .015) after adjustment for multiple confounders. When changes in PD were considered, the association of flavonoid intake with reduced PD became borderline significant (p = .051) but persisted for IL‐1β (p = .018). PD at 3–4 years and 2–4 months post‐SRP was similar. There was a positive correlation between PD and salivary IL‐1β (p = .005) but not with salivary CRP and IL‐6. Conclusion Higher flavonoid intake is associated with lower IL‐1β. Also, regular supportive periodontal therapy maintained the improved PD at 3–4 years post‐SRP regardless of smoking status.

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“…Low vitamin C intake, and low serum ascorbic acid concentrations have previously been reported to be associated with an increased risk of gingival disease [45, 46], and this was attributed to the antioxidant and wound-healing activities of vitamin C. Indeed, vitamin C intake above the recommended daily allowance was shown to be beneficial in gingival disease treatment [47]. Our data were also consistent with these results, and showed that in RA patients, the odds of gingival disease were decreased with increased vitamin C intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with the risk of gingival disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Huang

Chen

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Gingival disase and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are linked at both the epidemiologic and pathogenesis levels. In this study, we aimed to identify environmental factors associated with RA and gingival disease and to investigate factors that protect the gingival tissue in RA patients. This retrospective study analyzed 754 RA patients with gingival disease selected from the NHANES database who completed the mobile examination center interview/examination between 1999 and 2004. Data collected included demographics, lifestyle, dietary intake, and biomarkers. The study included 173 RA patients with gingival disease. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of gingival disease were significantly increased with male gender. However, the odds of gingival disease was significantly decreased with increased vitamin C intake (OR = 0.996, p = 0.041), and higher serum vitamin D levels (OR = 0.979, p = 0.011). Given the significant association between the prevalence of gingival disease and RA, identification of risk factors of gingival disease will be useful as a screening tool in national health surveys to improve the management of periodontal disease in patients with RA.

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Higher Intakes of Fruits and Vegetables, β-Carotene, Vitamin C, α-Tocopherol, EPA, and DHA Are Positively Associated with Periodontal Healing after Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy in Nonsmokers but Not in Smokers

Cited by 83 publications

References 46 publications

Impact of Docosahexaenoic Acid Therapy on Subgingival Plaque Microbiota

Impact of Docosahexaenoic Acid Therapy on Subgingival Plaque Microbiota

Higher intakes of flavonoids are associated with lower salivary IL‐1β and maintenance of periodontal health 3–4 years after scaling and root planing

Factors associated with the risk of gingival disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

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