Higher Contents of Mineral and Collagen but Lower of Hydroxylysine of Collagen in Mandibular Bone Compared with Those of Humeral and Femoral Bones in Human

Abstract

Minerals and collagen are major components of bone. At present, little is known about the material property of the jaw bone compared to other bones of the body. The purpose of this study was to characterize the material property of mandibular bone expressed by the amount of mineral, collagen, and hydroxylysine (Hyl) in comparison with humeral and femoral bones using human cadavers. Mineral and collagen contents were significantly higher in the mandible than in humerus and femur but Hyl was significantly lower in the mandible. Among the three indices, a weak but significantly positive correlation between collagen and mineral contents was observed. On the contrary, Hyl showed a weak but significantly negative correlation with mineral. The three indices were almost not affected by aging, gender, and dental status which were thought to influence bone quantity. These results suggest that human mandibular bone differs in material property from humeral and femoral bones, and may possess a higher mechanical property explained by the hypothesis that adequate and no excessive extent of lysine hydroxylation of collagen leads to optimal collagen fibrillogenesis and matrix mineralization. The assessment of bone property as shown in this study could disclose unknown characteristics which cannot be expressed by bone quantity.

Distinct Characteristics of Mandibular Bone Collagen Relative to Long Bone Collagen: Relevance to Clinical Dentistry

“…We have published the only study comparing the collagen content in the mandibular bone to long bones [ 37 ]. We calculated the collagen content in formalin-fixed human cortical bones from 44 cadavers at 3 different sites: the mental region of mandible, the mesial neck of humerus, and the mesial neck of femur.…”

“…As for another important posttranslational modification of collagen, Lys hydroxylation, we previously published a comparative study of the mandible, the humerus, and the femur in formalin-fixed cadavers [ 37 ]. The extent of Lys hydroxylation (Hyl/Lys + Hyl) was lower in the mandible (11.9%) than in the humerus (14.8%) and the femur (13.7%).…”

Longitudinal evaluation of the association between Insulin-like growth factor-1, Bone specific alkaline phosphatase and changes in mandibular length

“…Mandible derived mesenchymal stem cells show higher osteogenic potential to other skeletal bones which is attributed to greater amount of collagen and lower amount of mature crosslinks giving it the properties of immature bone with low degree of mineralization as compared to other long bones 49,50 . These alongwith the observation that trabecular bone formation in subcondylar region is unaffected with age, mandibular condylar cartilage bears prolonged growth potential 51 .…”

Medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw: A literature review and update

“…In addition, a significant decrease in the turnover rate in jawbones was observed in both humans and animals after bisphosphonate administration (Allen, Iwata, Phipps, & Burr, 2006;Recker et al, 2006). Furthermore, due to T A B L E 1 Embryological, anatomical, and biochemical differences between the craniofacial region and the appendicular skeleton the higher calcium content in the mandible than in the femur and tibia, bisphosphonates might be absorbed in greater quantity in the mandible (Sasaki, Matsuura, Katafuchi, Tokutomi, & Sato, 2010). Indeed, higher bone density in mandibular bone has been observed in BRONJ patients (Heim, Götz, Kramer, & Faron, 2019).…”