High volume Portland cement replacement: A review

Nwankwo, Chinyere O.; Bamigboye, Gideon; Davies, Iyinoluwa E.E.; Michaels, Temitope A.

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120445

Cited by 117 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…This situation prevails at greater ages (28 days 60 MPa), when the normal strengths of the specimens have been reached [61]; however, at 90 days of curing, the AVT-PC (TFF-01 and TFF-03) specimens are able to overcome the compressive strength (TFF-01 = 74.5 MPa and TFF-03 = 72.5 MPa, respectively) of the portland cement specimens (PCS-R = 68 MPa). The analysis of the behaviour of the TFF-01-03 specimens seems to indicate that the replacement of 25% of the PC in the mortar mixture does not appear to have a negative influence on the gain of mechanical strength throughout the test period, although this increase in strength is slow and delayed in relation to the PCS-R; this is one of the fundamental properties that pozzolanic materials have and has been widely reflected in the works of many authors [45,[62][63][64]. The TFF-01 specimen curve shows more consistent behaviour than the TFF-02 and TFF-03 specimens.…”

Section: Results Of the Mechanical Strength Test (Mst)mentioning

confidence: 85%

Altered Volcanic Tuffs from Los Frailes Caldera. A Study of Their Pozzolanic Properties

et al. 2021

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This work presents the results of the study of the physical, chemical, mineralogical and pozzolanic properties of the altered volcanic tuffs (AVT) that lie in the Los Frailes caldera, south of the Iberian Peninsula, and demonstrates their qualities as pozzolans for the manufacturing of mortars and pozzolanic cements of high mechanical strength. The main objective of this research is to show to what extent the AVTs can replace portland cement (PC) in mortars, with standardised proportions of 75:25% and 70:30% (PC-AVT). To achieve these objectives, three AVT samples were studied by a petrographic analysis of thin section (PATS), DRX, FRX and MEB. The pozzolanic properties were determined by three methods: electrical conductivity (ECT), chemical pozzolanicity tests (CPT) at 8 and 15 days and mechanical strength tests (MS) of the specimens at 2, 7, 28 and 90 days. Studies of a PATS, DRX, FRX and MEB showed that the AVT samples’ constitutions are complex where smectite (montmorillonite), mordenite, quartz, halloysite, illite, kaolinite, volcanic glass and lithic fragments coexist. The results of the ECT and CPT tests confirmed the pozzolanic properties of the samples analysed and proved an increase in mechanical strength from 2 to 90 days of testing.

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Section: Results Of the Mechanical Strength Test (Mst)mentioning

confidence: 85%

Altered Volcanic Tuffs from Los Frailes Caldera. A Study of Their Pozzolanic Properties

et al. 2021

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“…An alternative line of research to Portland cement is the use of different industrial wastes from other sectors such as thermal power plants (fly ash) [6,7], the steel industry (blast furnace slag) [8,9] or the ceramic industry [10][11][12]. These wastes, after an alkaline activation process, generate new, aluminosilicate-rich, alternative materials to Portland cement called geopolymers or alkaline-activated materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Efficient Hybrid Cements: Pozzolanic, Mechanical and Abrasion Properties

et al. 2020

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One of the most polluting industries is the cement industry and, for this reason, alternative lines of research recommend the use of substitute materials for traditional Portland cement. This study proposes the use of industrial (slag and fly ash) and ceramic wastes for the total or partial replacement of Portland cement in the manufacturing of both alkaline-activated and hybrid cements. To carry out this study and evaluate the behavior of the proposed materials, different mortars were manufactured: Portland cement (CEM I), two alkaline-activated slag systems and six hybrid systems, with an 80–20% waste-to-Portland-cement ratio for all the proposed wastes. An assessment of the pozzolanic activity was carried out for the different materials. The behavior of all the systems regarding mechanical resistance and durability to abrasion was studied. All the proposed materials, especially those with ceramic wastes, showed pozzolanic activity and suitable characteristics for use in the manufacturing of alternative cements. The mortar made of slag activated with waterglass presented the highest mechanical strength and lowest porosity, but the hybrid materials presented competitive results. After being subjected to the Böhme abrasion test, their effectiveness as substitutes for Portland cement is reiterated, some of them improving their durability to wear.

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“…Notably, the reduction in the compressive strength in mixture with 50% FA-CSA replacement of OPC is in the range of 10% compared to the equivalent 50/50 mortar with only OPC and sand, which suggests that FA-CSA can be successfully used for high volume OPC replacement. In comparison, the reported reductions in the compressive strength for mortars with FA replacement to OPC are typically larger than 40% for mixtures with replacement rates higher than 50% [ 59 , 60 , 61 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the major drawbacks highlighted for high-volume OPC replacement with FA is its retarded strength development at the early stages of hydration [ 31 , 60 ]. Commonly, during the first weeks of hydration, the fly ash acts like an inert filler that may have only some beneficial properties providing denser packing and seeding effect [ 31 , 60 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of High Volume CFBC Fly Ash Based Calcium Sulphoaluminate Type Binder in Mixtures with Ordinary Portland Cement

2021

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Growing concerns on global industrial greenhouse gas emissions have boosted research for developing alternative, less CO2 intensive binders for partial to complete replacement of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) clinker. Unlike slag and pozzolanic siliceous low-Ca class F fly ashes, the Ca- and S-rich class C ashes, particularly these formed in circulating fluidised bed combustion (CFBC) boilers, are typically not considered as viable cementitious materials for blending with or substituting the OPC. We studied the physical, chemical-mineralogical characteristics of the mechanically activated Ca-rich CFBC fly ash pastes and mortars with high volume OPC substitution rates to find potential alternatives for OPC in building materials and composites. Our findings indicate that compressive strength of pastes and mortars made with partial to complete replacement of the mechanically activated CFBC ash to OPC is comparable to OPC concrete, showing compared to OPC pastes reduction in compressive strength only by <10% at 50% and <20% at 75% replacement rates. Our results show that mechanically activated Ca-rich CFBC fly ash can be successfully used as an alternative CSA-cement type binder.

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High volume Portland cement replacement: A review

Cited by 117 publications

References 109 publications

Altered Volcanic Tuffs from Los Frailes Caldera. A Study of Their Pozzolanic Properties

Altered Volcanic Tuffs from Los Frailes Caldera. A Study of Their Pozzolanic Properties

Eco-Efficient Hybrid Cements: Pozzolanic, Mechanical and Abrasion Properties

Design of High Volume CFBC Fly Ash Based Calcium Sulphoaluminate Type Binder in Mixtures with Ordinary Portland Cement

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