High Voltage Microsupercapacitors Fabricated and Assembled by Laser Carving

Abstract

Miniaturized and flexible power resources such as supercapacitors with resistance of high voltage play a critical role as potential energy storage devices for implantable and portable electronics because of their convenience, high power density, and long-term stability. Herein, we propose a novel strategy for the fabrication of high voltage microsupercapacitors (HVMSCs) employing porous laser-induced graphene (from polyimide films with alkalization treatment) followed by laser carving of the polyvinyl alcohol/H 3 PO 4 gel electrolyte to realize a series assembly of supercapacitors and significantly increase the voltage resistance. The results elucidated that HVMSCs (3 mm × 21.15 mm) exhibited excellent capacitive performance including exceptional potential window (10 V), high areal capacitance (244 μF/cm 2 ), acceptable power density (274 μW/cm 2 ) and energy density (3.22 μW h/cm 2 ), good electrochemical stability and flexibility at different bending status (0, 45, 90, 135, and 180°), as well as impressive voltage durability more than 5 V in smaller scale (0.5 mm × 5.5 mm). As such, the HVMSCs have great potential to be integrated with microcircuit modules for the next-generation self-powered systems and storage electronic devices in high voltage applications.

Recent status and future perspectives of ultracompact and customizable micro-supercapacitors

“…Moreover, in-plane on chip MSCs are highly favorable for designing compact integrated MSCs [75,76], because they are free of traditionally used external metal connections and separators, potentially boosting high device density with customizability in a limited space [41,77,78]. However, the precise addition of electrolyte on MSCs in micro/nano scale is a bottleneck for effective construction of compact integration [40,79]. Towards this issue, Meng et al reported the microfabrication of compact integration of MSCs [59].…”

Laser Processing of Flexible In-Plane Micro-supercapacitors: Progresses in Advanced Manufacturing of Nanostructured Electrodes

“…CW Mid-infrared CO 2 Laser. On the basis of the above, inspired by the etching of nanopores on the surface of graphene walls, our previous work 179,180 developed a one-step and scalable laser induction and activation technique for in situ manufacturing of hierarchical 3D porous laser-induced and activated graphene (LIAG) films using CW mid-infrared CO 2 laser as a mobile heat source acting on KOH-coated PI film (Figure 16). Particularly, we systematically studied the impacts of the physical form of KOH (crystal or solution) and KOH loadings on the formed products, and the applications in in-plane MSCs.…”

Perspective on Micro-Supercapacitors

“…And further when carefully integrated with the integrated wireless charging devices and MSCs, a microdevice integrating energy storage could drive the normal operation of pure electric bus, as demonstrated in Figure 9A ( Gao et al, 2021b ). Bai et al ( Bai et al, 2020 ) used laser radiation method to fabricate the flexible high voltage MSC (HVMSC) with series structure. As shown in Figure 9B , the device consists of the polyimide (PI) films, KOH electrolyte solution and graphene.…”

“… (A) Schematic illustration of operation of pure electric bus by the wireless charging energy storage microdevices ( Gao et al, 2021b ). (B) Schematic illustration and photograph of the flexible high voltage MSCs ( Bai et al, 2020 ). …”