High Viral Load of Human Bocavirus Correlates with Duration of Wheezing in Children with Severe Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

Abstract

Background Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a newly discovered parvovirus and increasing evidences are available to support its role as an etiologic agent in lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). The objective of this study is to assess the impact of HBoV viral load on clinical characteristics in children who were HBoV positive and suffered severe LRTI. Methods Lower respiratory tract aspirates from 186 hospitalized children with severe LRTI were obtained by bronchoscopy. HBoVs were detected by real-time PCR and other 10 infectious agents were examined using PCR and/or direct fluorescent assay. Results Thirty-one patients (24.6%) were tested positive for HBoV in the respiratory tract aspirates. Fifteen samples had a high viral load (>10 4 copies/mL) and the other sixteen samples had a low viral load (<10 4 copies/mL). The duration of presented wheezing and hospitalization was longer in children with high viral load of HBoV than that in children with low viral load. The days of wheezing showed a correlation with viral load of HBoV. Conclusion We confirmed that HBoV was frequently detected in patients with severe LRTI. Wheezing was one of the most common symptoms presented by patients with positive HBoV. A high HBoV viral load could be an etiologic agent for LRTI, which led to more severe lower respiratory tract symptom, longer duration of wheezing and hospitalization.

Detection of Human Bocavirus in Egyptian Children Suffering from Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

“…We found that the more severe lower respiratory tract symptoms in our patients were associated with high HBoV virus load that was in agreement with Jiang et al, (2016). Also, we found that the longer hospitalization period was accompanied with high HBoV viral load patients and that was in agreement with Deng et al, (2012).These results suggest that HBoV is a significant pathogen in young children with ALRI that was underestimated in our region. We detected three NPA samples with HBoV positive PCR results that were accompanied by bacterial co-infection and were associated with low virus load that result was in agreement with Jiang et al, (2016) who reported that co-infection was more frequently found among patients with low virus load than those with high virus load suggesting HBoV as causative agent of ALRI, this results were in agreement with the studies of Brieu et al, (2008) and Kaida et al, (2010).…”

Nonstructural Protein NP1 of Human Bocavirus 1 Plays a Critical Role in the Expression of Viral Capsid Proteins

“…The genus Bocaparvovirus consists of three groups of viruses, namely, HBoV1 to -4, bovine parvovirus 1 (BPV1), and minute virus of canines (MVC/CnMV) (3). HBoV1 causes respiratory tract infections in young children worldwide (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). In vitro, the virus infects only polarized (welldifferentiated) human airway epithelium cultured at an air-liquid interface (HAE-ALI) (12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Evaluation of Viral Diagnostics on rEspiratory iNfections in ChildrEn

“…The incidence of the double stranded DNA polyomaviruses WU 62 and KI 63 is low and their clinical relevance remains unclear and requires further evaluation 64 . Recently, a potential pathogenic role of KI was suggested 65 .…”

“…Sommige onderzoekers suggereren een positieve relatie hiertussen [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72] , terwijl anderen die relatie niet zien [73][74][75][76][77][78] In de kindergeneeskunde praktijk is virale diagnostiek vaak gebruikt als een enkelvoudige meting bij eerste presentatie van een kind op de spoedeisende hulpafdeling of polikliniek. Deze omstandigheden zijn echter niet optimaal om de relatie tussen viral load en ziekte-ernst te bestuderen, omdat viral load een dynamisch proces is.…”