High thermal stability 40 GHz electro-optic polymer modulators

Miura, Hideo; Qiu, Feng; Spring, Andrew M.; Kashino, Tsubasa; Kikuchi, Tsutomu; Ozawa, Masaaki; Nawata, Hideyuki; Odoi, Keisuke; Yokoyama, Shiyoshi

doi:10.1364/oe.25.028643

Cited by 48 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…We have previously shown that SOH modulators with SEO100 are suited for operation at elevated temperatures of 80 °C under ambient atmospheric conditions 21 . More recently, polymer modulators withstanding temperatures of 105 °C for 2000 hours have been demonstrated 69 . We expect that even higher operating temperatures can be achieved in the future, e.g., by cross-linking techniques 70 , or by using materials with intrinsically higher glass transition temperatures such as side-chain EO polymers 68 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon-Organic Hybrid (SOH) Mach-Zehnder Modulators for 100 Gbit/s on-off Keying

Wolf

Zwickel

Hartmann

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Electro-optic modulators for high-speed on-off keying (OOK) are key components of short- and medium-reach interconnects in data-center networks. Small footprint, cost-efficient large-scale production, small drive voltages and ultra-low power consumption are of paramount importance for such devices. Here we demonstrate that the concept of silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) integration perfectly meets these challenges. The approach combines the unique processing advantages of large-scale silicon photonics with unrivalled electro-optic (EO) coefficients obtained by molecular engineering of organic materials. Our proof-of-concept experiments demonstrate generation and transmission of OOK signals at line rates of up to 100 Gbit/s using a 1.1 mm-long SOH Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) featuring a π-voltage of only 0.9 V. The experiment represents the first demonstration of 100 Gbit/s OOK on the silicon photonic platform, featuring the lowest drive voltage and energy consumption ever demonstrated for a semiconductor-based device at this data rate. We support our results by a theoretical analysis showing that the nonlinear transfer characteristic of the MZM can help to overcome bandwidth limitations of the modulator and the electric driver circuitry. We expect that high-speed, power-efficient SOH modulators may have transformative impact on short-reach networks, enabling compact transceivers with unprecedented efficiency, thus building the base of future interfaces with Tbit/s data rates.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon-Organic Hybrid (SOH) Mach-Zehnder Modulators for 100 Gbit/s on-off Keying

Wolf

Zwickel

Hartmann

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…Note that the devices with a length of L = 1.5 mm exhibit an average modulation efficiency UπL of only 3.3 Vmm after 2700 h at 85 °C. This is roughly 4 times more efficient than other stable organic EO modulators [8,9]. Given the vast potential of theory-guided material optimization, we expect that even more efficient long-term stable SOH devices with UπL products well below 1 Vmm will come into reach.…”

Section: Device Fabrication and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…We have shown that SOH MZM employing an EO material with a large Tg fulfill Telcordia standards for high temperature storage. The devices outperform competing organic-based modulators [8,9] in terms of modulation efficiency and show great potential for further improvement. In addition, we proved the high-speed performance of SOH modulators even after high temperature storage by generating error-free 40 Gbit/s OOK signals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of Long-Term Thermal Stability of a Silicon-Organic Hybrid (SOH) Modulator at 85°C

Kieninger

Kutuvantavida

Kemal

et al. 2018

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

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“…Polymer modulator has been investigated for many years due to fast EO response and lower cost. According to the different characteristics of modulators, they are classified into different types like all-polymer waveguide modulator, sol-gel waveguide modulator and polymer-silicon hybrid modulator [42]- [44].…”

Section: Polymer Modulatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Technology in High-Baud-Rate Coherent Optical Communication Systems

Huang

Pan

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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High-baud-rate coherent optical system is essential to support the ever-increasing demand for high-speed applications. Owing to the recent progress in advanced modulation formats, over 1 Tb/s single-carrier data transmission has been achieved in the laboratory, and its commercial application is envisioned in the near future. This paper presented the trend of increasing baud rate and utilizing high-order quadrature-amplitude modulation (QAM), and several enabling technologies in the coherent optical communication systems. We first discussed recent progress of high-order QAM system and digital signal processing technology. Furthermore, we compared the transmission performance of three different ultrahigh-order QAM formats. The paper then reviewed the commonly used methods of achieving over 100 GBaud optically modulated signals. Besides, five attractive modulators and their corresponding modulation structures are illustrated. Key performance parameters including electrode length, 3-dB bandwidth, half-wave voltage, extinction ratio and optical loss are also compared. Finally, the trade-off between the baud rate and QAM orders in implementing high-speed systems are investigated in simulations. The results show that for the coming 800 GbE or 1.6 TbE, PDM-64-QAM might be an idea choice by considering the trade-off between the link reach and required system bandwidth. By adopting the latest probabilistic shaping technology, higher-order QAM signals, such as PS PDM-256-QAM, could be favorable for long reach applications while using extra system bandwidth. INDEX TERMS Coherent optical communications, high baud rate, QAM, electro-optic modulators.

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High thermal stability 40 GHz electro-optic polymer modulators

Cited by 48 publications

References 15 publications

Silicon-Organic Hybrid (SOH) Mach-Zehnder Modulators for 100 Gbit/s on-off Keying

Silicon-Organic Hybrid (SOH) Mach-Zehnder Modulators for 100 Gbit/s on-off Keying

Demonstration of Long-Term Thermal Stability of a Silicon-Organic Hybrid (SOH) Modulator at 85°C

Enabling Technology in High-Baud-Rate Coherent Optical Communication Systems

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