High-temperature stability in air of Ti3C2Tx MXene-based composite with extracted bentonite

Abstract

Although Ti3C2Tx MXene is a promising material for many applications such as catalysis, energy storage, electromagnetic interference shielding due to its metallic conductivity and high processability, it’s poor resistance to oxidation at high temperatures makes its application under harsh environments challenging. Here, we report an air-stable Ti3C2Tx based composite with extracted bentonite (EB) nanosheets. In this case, oxygen molecules are shown to be preferentially adsorbed on EB. The saturated adsorption of oxygen on EB further inhibits more oxygen molecules to be adsorbed on the surface of Ti3C2Tx due to the weakened p-d orbital hybridization between adsorbed O2 and Ti3C2Tx, which is induced by the Ti3C2Tx/EB interface coupling. As a result, the composite is capable of tolerating high annealing temperatures (above 400 °C for several hours) both in air or humid environment, indicating highly improved antioxidation properties in harsh condition. The above finding is shown to be independent on the termination ratio of Ti3C2Tx obtained through different synthesis routes. Utilized as terahertz shielding materials, the composite retains its shielding ability after high-temperature treatment even up to 600 °C, while pristine Ti3C2Tx is completely oxidized with no terahertz shielding ability. Joule heating and thermal cycling performance are also demonstrated.

V2CTX MXene-based hybrid sensor with high selectivity and ppb-level detection for acetone at room temperature

“…5b). A weight loss of 3.4% was observed at 120 °C, which was due to the evaporation of the physically adsorbed, interlayer water molecules 32,33 . However, this weight loss was followed by a minor weight gain at 330 °C, which indicated the onset of oxidation of the V 2 CT x MXene.…”

Wearable, Biodegradable, and Antibacterial Multifunctional Ti3C2Tx MXene/Cellulose Paper for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Passive and Active Dual-Thermal Management

“…Based on the fitting results (Figure S3a), the degradation rate for the Ti 3 C 2 T x /CNF electrical heater is around −0.078 °C/min. Even for the pristine Ti 3 C 2 T x /CNF paper without encapsulation in ambient humidity (Figure S3b), the relative resistance change (Δ R / R 0 ) increases up to ∼100% after ∼144 h of exposure and up to ∼589% after 12 days due to the thermodynamically metastable surface of 2D Ti 3 C 2 T x , where both oxygen and water molecules are responsible for the oxidation of Ti 3 C 2 T x . − In addition, the flexible Ti 3 C 2 T x /CNF heater also exhibits a robust heating temperature during the mechanical bending with radii from ∼6 to 2 mm (Figure e,f), supporting a potential application for objectives with an irregular shape. To further demonstrate the applicability of the Ti 3 C 2 T x /CNF paper in the field of wearable electronics, it is attached to the toy robot back, wrist, knee, and foot.…”

Applications of MXenes in human-like sensors and actuators

“…Indeed, printed electronics require the long durability of MXene-based inks [119] for reducing manufacturing costs and maintaining the uniformity of fabricated films. In addition, the MXene-based heterostructures [96,380,381] or composites [87,382] continue to expand the knowledge boundaries. The morphologies of hydrogel [125] and aerogel may elevate their mechanical and electrical performances.…”