High temperature ReCOB piezocrystals: Recent developments

Zhang, Shujun; Yu, Fapeng; Xia, Ru; Fei, Yiting; Frantz, Eric; Zhao, Xian; Yuan, D. R.; Chai, B. H. T.; Snyder, David W.; Shrout, Thomas R.

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2010.11.032

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…4 shows the electrical resistivity as a function of temperature for non-ferroelectric, piezoelectric single crystals, where it is observed that LGS crystals possess relatively low resistivity, with the lowest value of 8 × 10 6 Ω·cm at 500°C. The GaPO 4 and YCOB crystals possess relatively high resistivity, on the order of 10 10 and 10 11 Ω·cm at 500°C, respectively [3], [9], [13], [29]- [31]. At 900°C, the resistivity of AlN (8 × 10 10 Ω·cm) is three orders of magnitude higher than YCOB (4 × 10 7 Ω·cm), which indicates a high insulation property of AlN required to maintain the developed charge for a long time to be detected by the electronic system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The highest piezoelectric coefficient was found from samples in the length extensional mode, with a piezoelectric coefficient d 33 of 6.5 pC/N at room temperature, increasing to 13.5 pC/N at 1000°C. The lateral and the thickness shear mode piezoelectric coefficients d 31 respectively, giving a variation of <60% over the full temperature range. The increase of piezoelectric coefficients at high temperature (800-1000°C) is due to the increased dielectric permittivity, shown in Fig.…”

Section: Materials Constantmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-temperature electromechanical characterization of AlN single crystals

Kim

Dalmau

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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Hexagonal AlN is a non-ferroelectric material and does not have any phase transition up to its melting point (>2000°C), which indicates the potential use of AlN for hightemperature sensing. In this work, the elastic, dielectric, and piezoelectric constants of AlN single crystals were investigated at elevated temperatures up to 1000°C by the resonance method. We used resonators of five different modes to obtain a complete set of material constants of AlN single crystals. The electrical resistivity of AlN at elevated temperature (1000°C) was found to be greater than 5 × 10 cm. 10 Ω ⋅The resonance frequency of the resonators, which was mainly determined by the elastic compliances, decreased linearly with increasing temperature, and was characterized by a relatively low temperature coefficient of frequency, in the range of −20 to −36 ppm/°C. For all the investigated resonator modes, the elastic constants and the electromechanical coupling factors exhibited excellent temperature stability, with small variations over the full temperature range, <11.2% and <17%, respectively. Of particular significance is that due to the pyroelectricity of AlN, both the dielectric and the piezoelectric constants had high thermal resistivity even at extreme high temperature (1000°C). Therefore, high electrical resistivity, temperature independence of electromechanical properties, as well as high thermal resistivity of the elastic, dielectric, and piezoelectric properties, suggest that AlN single crystals are a promising candidate for high-temperature piezoelectric sensing applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials Constantmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-temperature electromechanical characterization of AlN single crystals

Kim

Dalmau

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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“…Analogous to langasite crystals, no phase transition(s) occur prior to their melting points, expanding the potential temperature usage range. Recently, oxyborate crystals have attracted attention for piezoelectric applications, due to their ultrahigh electrical resistivity at elevated temperatures …”

Section: New High Temperature Piezoelectric Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric Materials for High Temperature Sensors

Zhang

2011

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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718

379

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Piezoelectric materials that can function at high temperatures without failure are desired for structural health monitoring and/or nondestructive evaluation of the next generation turbines, more efficient jet engines, steam, and nuclear/electrical power plants. The operational temperature range of smart transducers is limited by the sensing capability of the piezoelectric material at elevated temperatures, increased conductivity and mechanical attenuation, variation of the piezoelectric properties with temperature. This article discusses properties relevant to sensor applications, including piezoelectric materials that are commercially available and those that are under development. Compared to ferroelectric polycrystalline materials, piezoelectric single crystals avoid domain-related aging behavior, while possessing high electrical resistivities and low losses, with excellent thermal property stability. Of particular interest is oxyborate [ReCa 4 O (BO 3 ) 3 ] single crystals for ultrahigh temperature applications (>1000°C). These crystals offer piezoelectric coefficients d eff , and electromechanical coupling factors k eff , on the order of 3-16 pC/N and 6%-31%, respectively, significantly higher than those values of a-quartz piezocrystals (~2 pC/N and 8%). Furthermore, the absence of phase transitions prior to their melting points~1500°C, together with ultrahigh electrical resistivities (>10 6 Ω·cm at 1000°C) and thermal stability of piezoelectric properties (< 20% variations in the range of room temperature~1000°C), allow potential operation at extreme temperature and harsh environments. J ournalFeature investigated for high temperature pressure, mass, and chemical/gas measurements. To date, quartz (a-SiO 2 ), lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ), langasite (La 3 Ga 5 SiO 14 ), and gallium orthophosphate GaPO 4 , have been widely investigated for SAW/BAW high temperature sensor applications. 13,14 The purpose of this feature article is to present an overview of various types of piezoelectric materials that are used for sensors, while focusing on high temperature piezoelectric single crystals, specifically, langasites (with formula A 3 BC 3 D 2 O 14 ) and oxyborate (ReCa 4 O(BO 3 ) 3 ) crystals. In this review, issues and critical parameters relevant to high temperature sensing will be discussed, followed by an extensive review of piezoelectrics, including ferroelectric materials with various crystallographic structures and nonferroelectric piezoelectric single crystals. Furthermore, the high temperature behavior of various piezoelectric materials will be presented, including temperature dependent electrical resistivity, dielectric, piezoelectric, electromechanical, and frequency characteristics. Lastly, a brief summary and anticipated future development in the area of piezoelectric materials for high temperature sensors will be given.

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“…Recently, rare-earth calcium oxyborate crystals ReCa 4 O(BO 3 ) 3 (ReCOB, Re:rare-earth elements) have been reported to be promising for high temperature piezoelectric sensor applications, due to the merits of high electrical resistivity at elevated temperatures (>10 8 Ω·cm@900 o C), high piezoelectric coefficients (~16 pC/N), high electromechanical coupling factors (~31%), and high temperature stability of piezoelectric and electromechanical properties up to 1000 o C [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and piezoelectric properties of TmCOB single crystals

Hou

Wang

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the 2014 Symposium on Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications

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New rare-earth oxyborate crystals TmCOB were grown by using the Czochralski method. The piezoelectric coefficients for TmCOB were determined to be on the order of d 11 =1.7, d 12 =3.8, d 13 =-4.2, d 15 =-0.92, d 24 =4.9, d 26 =7.8, d 31 =-0.75, d 32 =-2.4, d 33 =2.2 and d 35 =-5.2 pC/N. The temperature dependence of electro-elastic propertieswereinvestigated from 20 to 900 o C, where the temperature coefficients of the elastic compliances (s E 22 , s E 33 and s E 66 )were foundto be ranged from 146 to223 ppm/ o C for TmCOB crystals. Particularly, the electromechanical factor k 12 was evaluated to be on the order of 15.4% at room temperature, with a small variation <5.4% in the temperature range of 20-900 o C.Moreover, the TmCOB crystals were obtained to possess high piezoelectric coefficientd 26 being 7.8 pC/N, 3-4 times that of quartz, and showing a minimal variation of -12.9% over the test temperature range, potential for high temperature piezoelectric applications.

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High temperature ReCOB piezocrystals: Recent developments

Cited by 32 publications

References 35 publications

High-temperature electromechanical characterization of AlN single crystals

High-temperature electromechanical characterization of AlN single crystals

Piezoelectric Materials for High Temperature Sensors

Growth and piezoelectric properties of TmCOB single crystals

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