High‐temperature Effects on Germination and Viability of Weed Seeds in Soil

Arora, Ajay; Yaduraju, N. T.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-037x.1998.tb00395.x

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Clear plastic mulch raised soil temperature by 0.54-1.84 o C when compared to that of control. The increase in soil temperature due to solarization is lower than that reported by other researchers [26] [27]. This might be related to weather condition during solarization where the air temperature was 24-28 o C and during the experiment, the sky was cloudy most of the time.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 54%

Weed Seed Inhibition under Solarization Treatment with Different Mulch Color in Tropical Highland Organic Farming System

Setyowati

Nurjanah

Muktamar

et al. 2017

International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology

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Weeds are the major problem in organic crop production. Soil solarization is a method using clear plastic films to increase soil temperature to control pest organisms such as fungi, bacteria, and weed seeds. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of different plastic mulch color on weed seed inhibition. The experiment was carried out in CAPS Research Station located in Air Duku Village, Bengkulu, Indonesia at 1054 m above sea level, arranged in Randomized Completely Block Design with 3 replications. Treatments comprised 4 different colors of plastic films, i.e silver-black, black, clear, and red as well as control (without mulch). Plastic mulch was laid on 1 m wide x 2 m long raised soil bed for four weeks from April 20-May 23, 2016. Soil temperature underneath plastic mulch at depth of 5, 10, 15, 20 cm from the surface were measured daily at noon. After incubation, soil sample was collected from 0-5; 5-10; 10-15; 15-20 cm depths. Weed seed germination of each soil sample was tested in the greenhouse. A number of weeds were observed after four weeks. The experiment indicated that a month of soil solarization using clear plastic mulch resulted in greatest soil temperature, increasing by 0.54-1.84% as compared to control. Treatment of plastic mulches was effective to suppress seed inhibition at the soil depth of 0-15 cm, as indicated by numbers of germinated weed and its dry matter. Longer soil solarization is necessary to obtain the highest reduction of weed growth in the tropical highland organic farming system.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 54%

Weed Seed Inhibition under Solarization Treatment with Different Mulch Color in Tropical Highland Organic Farming System

Setyowati

Nurjanah

Muktamar

et al. 2017

International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology

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“…Several other studies examined the effect of solarization on M. indica . In New Delhi, India, Arora and Yaduraju (1998) reported that solarization for 30 days significantly reduced the number of several weedy species, whereas M. indica was not affected at all. Similarly, Yaduraju and Ahuja (1996) studied the effects of soil solarization on annual weed control and found the effects on C. rotundus and M. indica were not satisfactory, but the control of Avena sterilis ssp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the differential response of weeds to soil solarization by two methods

El‐Keblawy

Al-Hamadi

2009

Weed Biology and Management

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The efficacy of solarization in weed control under field conditions of the United Arab Emirates was evaluated by two methods: on-farm weed assessment and a seed germination test. In the on-farm weed assessment method, the weed frequency, density, and dry weight were compared in the solarized and non-solarized plots that were cultivated with cabbage. Prior to solarization, the soil was artificially infested with the seeds of 10 weeds. Generally, the densities of seven species and dry weights of five species were significantly lower in the solarized plots as compared to the control. Launea mucronata, Capsella bursa-pastoris, and Echinochloa colona were very sensitive to solarization, as they did not appear in the solarized plots. However, Portulaca oleracea and Melilotus indica were not significantly affected by soil solarization. In the second method, the germination was assessed for the seeds of four weedy species buried at three depths for different durations of solarization.The results confirmed the great sensitivity of L. mucronata and C. bursa-pastoris seeds to solarization, as all had not germinated after 15 days of solarization, even at the 15 cm depth. The seeds of E. colona, however, were less sensitive after 15 days of solarization, especially at 7.5 cm and 15 cm, respectively. The seed germination method confirmed the resistance of the P. oleracea seeds to solarization. The results emphasized the importance of the germination test to provide accurate predictions about the spatial and temporal changes of the soil seed bank in solarized farms. This would help to determine the optimal duration of solarization in each farm, depending on the kind of weeds infesting the farm.

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“…In non-crop areas, solarization has been used to manage A. fatua. Solarization using polyethylene sheets in a field study in India resulted in greater than 50% reduction (maximum of 85%) in germination of A. fatua seeds at 5-or 15-cm soil depths (Arora and Yaduraju 1998). The reduction was greater in moist soil than in dry soil.…”

Section: Response To Other Human Manipulationsmentioning

confidence: 93%

The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 27.Avena fatuaL. (updated)

Beckie

FrancisArdath²,

HallLinda

2012

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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L. M. 2012. The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 27. Avena fatua L. (Updated). Can. J. Plant Sci. 92:1329Á1357. An updated review of biological information is provided for Avena fatua. A widespread species originating in Eurasia, A. fatua is one of the 10 worst annual weeds of temperate agricultural regions of the world. Key weediness traits of this highly selfing species include fecundity, seed shatter, and a large and persistent seed bank with variable degrees of primary seed dormancy. The species occurs in all Canadian provinces and most states in the USA. In Canada, it is most troublesome as a weed in the prairies, where it has spread throughout crop areas in all climatic zones. Depending upon plant density and relative time of emergence, A. fatua competition may reduce annual crop yields by as much as 70%. First cohort emergence of A. fatua coincides with planting and emergence of spring-seeded crops, although additional cohorts can emerge throughout the growing season. Avena fatua is more abundant in zerothan intensive-tillage systems; the former regime promotes earlier and greater emergence because of a shallower and less persistent seed bank. Despite the introduction of highly efficacious herbicides in the 1970s and 1980s, abundance of the species has not declined across the Canadian prairies or elsewhere. The continual evolution of herbicide-resistant A. fatua populations, seed spread via farm machinery, and limited herbicide modes of action for its control threaten sustained annual field crop production in many temperate agricultural areas. Further adoption and integration of multiple non-herbicidal weed management practices, such as enhanced crop seeding rate, competitive crops and cultivars, and precision fertilizer placement, should help mitigate A. fatua interference. The species has some beneficial uses as an alternative feed and food constituent or industrial feedstock, as well as potential in cultivated oat (Avena sativa L.) improvement. Key words: Avena fatua, wild oat, folle avoine, weed biology Beckie, H. J., Francis, A. et Hall, L. M. 2012. La biologie des mauvaises herbes au Canada. 27. Avena fatua L. (mise aj our). Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 1329Á1357. L'article propose une mise au point sur la biologie d'Avena fatua. Espe`ce d'Eurasie largement re´pandue, la folle avoine figure parmi les dix pires adventices annuelles dans les re´gions agricoles ac limat tempe´re´du monde.Les principaux caracte`res qui font de cette espe`ce autofe´conde´e une mauvaise herbe sont la fe´condite´, l'e´gre`nement et un important re´servoir de graines persistantes a`dormance primaire de degre´variable. La folle avoine existe dans toutes les provinces du Canada et dans la majorite´des É tats ame´ricains. Au Canada, elle s'ave`re particulie`rement proble´matique dans les Prairies, ou`elle a gagne´les re´gions cultive´es de toutes les zones climatiques. Selon la densite´du peuplement et le moment relatif ou`a lieu la leve´e, A. fatua peut re´duire le rendement des cultures annuelles de jusqu'a`70 %. La germination de la pre...

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High‐temperature Effects on Germination and Viability of Weed Seeds in Soil

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

Weed Seed Inhibition under Solarization Treatment with Different Mulch Color in Tropical Highland Organic Farming System

Weed Seed Inhibition under Solarization Treatment with Different Mulch Color in Tropical Highland Organic Farming System

Assessment of the differential response of weeds to soil solarization by two methods

The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 27.Avena fatuaL. (updated)

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