High-Temperature Continuous-Wave Pumped Lasing from Large-Area Monolayer Semiconductors Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition

Zhao, Liyun; Shang, Qiuyu; Gao, Yan; Shi, Jia; Liu, Zhen; Chen, Jie; Mi, Yang; Yang, Pengfei; Zhang, Zhepeng; Du, Wenna; Hong, Min; Yin, Liang; Xie, Jingya; Hu, Xiaoyong; Peng, Bo; Leng, Jiancai; Liu, Xinfeng; Zhao, Yüe; Zhang, Yanfeng; Zhang, Qing

doi:10.1021/acsnano.8b04511

Cited by 52 publications

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“…Figure b shows the FWHM and integrated PL intensity as a function of pump fluence, revealing a threshold of P th ≈ 2.6 µJ cm −2 . With increasing pump fluences, the FWHM suddenly narrows near to the lasing threshold; the total integrated PL intensity shows the transition from SE (0.6 P th ) via amplified spontaneous emission ( P th ) to full laser oscillation (1.8 P th ), which can be well‐fitted by a rate equation with SE factor β of 0.02 . As a contrast, the SE intensity is linear to pump density.…”

Section: Auger Decay Lifetime (τAuger) At High Excitation Fluence (P mentioning

confidence: 94%

Lasing from Mechanically Exfoliated 2D Homologous Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Engineered by Inorganic Layer Thickness

et al. 2019

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approach to realize new functionalities through facile van der Waals coupled 2D layers. [6] Owing to the large dielectric mismatch between the inorganic and organic layers, the quasi-2D RPPs naturally form quantum well structures, in which, the inorganic and organic layers serve as potential wells and barriers, respectively. [7] Moreover, these quantum confined structures impart the appealing characteristics of improved environmental stability and enhanced exciton confinement. [2] These make the quasi-2D RPPs promising for solar cell and light-emitting diode (LED) applications. [5,[8][9][10] Recently, the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and lasing behaviors of 2D RPPs have been demonstrated. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] However, the lasing is mostly obtained from solution-processed spin-coated thin films, in which multiple RPP components inevitably form with different bandgaps that drive cascade carrier transfer and may reshape the build-up of population inversion. [11,14,15,18] Also, the development of continuous-wave or electrically driven RPP lasers central for practical applications is still challenging. The exploitation of homologous RPP lasers is of great importance to gain further insights into the intrinsic lasing mechanisms of these quantum well-like structures as well as the design of low-threshold 2D 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (RPPs) have aroused growing attention in light harvesting and emission applications owing to their high environmental stability. Recently, coherent light emission of RPPs was reported, however mostly from inhomologous thin films that involve cascade intercompositional energy transfer. Lasing and fundamental understanding of intrinsic laser dynamics in homologous RPPs free from intercompositional energy transfer is still inadequate. Herein, the lasing and loss mechanisms of homologous 2D (BA) 2 (MA) n −1 Pb n I 3n+1 RPP thin flakes mechanically exfoliated from the bulk crystal are reported. Multicolor lasing is achieved from the large-n RPPs (n ≥ 3) in the spectral range of 620-680 nm but not from small-n RPPs (n ≤ 2) even down to 78 K. With decreasing n, the lasing threshold increases significantly and the characteristic temperature decreases as 49, 25, and 20 K for n = 5, 4, and 3, respectively. The n-engineered lasing behaviors are attributed to the stronger Auger recombination and exciton-phonon interaction as a result of the enhanced quantum confinement in the smaller-n perovskites. These results not only advance the fundamental understanding of loss mechanisms in both inhomologous and homologous RPP lasers but also provide insights into developing low-threshold, substrate-free, and multicolor 2D semiconductor microlasers.2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (RPPs), with the general chemical formula of L 2 (MA) n−1 M n X 3n+1 , are composed of welldefined inorganic layers with corner connected [MX 6 ] 4− octahedra and long organic chains (L + ) intercalated between these inorganic fragments. [1][2][3][4][5] This structure promises a viable

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Section: Auger Decay Lifetime (τAuger) At High Excitation Fluence (P mentioning

confidence: 94%

Lasing from Mechanically Exfoliated 2D Homologous Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Engineered by Inorganic Layer Thickness

et al. 2019

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“…Of special interest are biexciton-mediated lasing applications, due to the benefits brought about by the characteristics of biexcitons such as low thresholds and room-temperature utilization as a result of enhanced Coulomb interactions in low dimensions [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. Furthermore, ever since twodimensional materials became easily manufactured, for instance by chemical vapor deposition and colloidal selfassembled growth, they have been increasingly the object of study for the development of optoelectronic devices [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining observed stability of excitons in highly excited CdSe nanoplatelets

et al. 2019

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We present the phase diagram of free charges (electrons and holes), excitons, and biexcitons in highly excited CdSe nanoplatelets that predicts a crossover to a biexciton-dominated region at easily attainable low temperatures or high photoexcitation densities. Our findings extend previous work describing only free charges and excitons by introducing biexcitons into the equation of state, while keeping the exciton and biexciton binding energies constant in view of the relatively low density of free charges in this material. Our predictions are experimentally testable in the near future and offer the prospect of creating a quantum degenerate, and possibly even superfluid, biexciton gas. Furthermore, we also provide simple expressions giving analytical insight into the regimes of photoexcitation densities and temperatures in which excitons and biexcitons dominate the response of the nanoplatelets.

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“…However, tunability, electrical pumping and siliconchip integration remain common challenges for all these approaches.Recently, monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide crystals (TMDCs) have emerged as a new class of materials for semiconductor lasers, for they are atomically thin, feature strong exciton emission 5, 6 and can be integrated with diverse materials, including silicon compounds 7 . Previous studies have assessed lasing in monolayer TMDCs from the non-linear intensity dependence and linewidth reductions as a function of pump power [8][9][10][11][12][13] . However, the photon flux appears to be below the stimulated scattering threshold 14 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Interlayer exciton laser of extended spatial coherence in atomically thin heterostructures

Paik

Zhang

Burg

et al. 2019

Nature

158

174

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Two-dimensional semiconductors have emerged as a new class of materials for nanophotonics for their strong exciton-photon interaction and flexibility for engineering and integration.Taking advantage of these properties, we engineer an efficient lasing medium based on dipolar interlayer excitons, in rotationally aligned atomically thin heterostructures. Lasing is measured from a transition metal dichalcogenide hetero-bilayer integrated in a silicon nitride grating resonator. A sharp increase in the spatial coherence of the emission was observed across the lasing threshold. The work establishes interlayer excitons in two-dimensional heterostructures as a silicon-compatible coherent medium. With electrically tunable lightmatter interaction strength and long-range dipolar interactions, these interlayer excitons promise both applications to low-power, ultrafast laser and modulators and rich many-body quantum phenomena.Semiconductor lasers are ubiquitous in today's technology because they are compact, cover a 1 arXiv:1901.00598v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall] 3 Jan 2019 wide range of wavelengths, and allow efficient electrical pumping and fast electrical modulation 1 .They are predominantly based on traditional III-V quantum wells. To achieve lower power consumption, more compact size, and a higher degree of integration on the silicon platform, there has been tremendous effort to develop alternative gain materials and structures, such as nanowire lasers 2 , spasers 3 , and photonic crystal lasers 4 . However, tunability, electrical pumping and siliconchip integration remain common challenges for all these approaches.Recently, monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide crystals (TMDCs) have emerged as a new class of materials for semiconductor lasers, for they are atomically thin, feature strong exciton emission 5, 6 and can be integrated with diverse materials, including silicon compounds 7 . Previous studies have assessed lasing in monolayer TMDCs from the non-linear intensity dependence and linewidth reductions as a function of pump power [8][9][10][11][12][13] . However, the photon flux appears to be below the stimulated scattering threshold 14 . The emission often saturates soon after reaching the linear regime of operation. Spatial coherence -one of the quintessential characters of laser 15has not been studied. Hence it is difficult to exclude localized excitons, such as point-defects, as the source of the observed nonlinear power dependence. Moreover, with only a monolayer as the gain medium, tunability is limited and vertical p-n junctions are not possible without contacting with other doped semiconductors.In contrast, heterostructures open the door to engineering of the band structures and exciton states. In particular, spatially indirect excitons in heterostructures have been intensively studied 16, 17 for they feature a static dipole with long-range diople interactions that may give rise to

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High-Temperature Continuous-Wave Pumped Lasing from Large-Area Monolayer Semiconductors Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition

Cited by 52 publications

References 50 publications

Lasing from Mechanically Exfoliated 2D Homologous Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Engineered by Inorganic Layer Thickness

Lasing from Mechanically Exfoliated 2D Homologous Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Engineered by Inorganic Layer Thickness

Explaining observed stability of excitons in highly excited CdSe nanoplatelets

Interlayer exciton laser of extended spatial coherence in atomically thin heterostructures

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