High-Tech Metals in Finland

Sarapää, O.; Kärkkäinen, Niilo; Ahtola, Timo; Al-Ani, Thair

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-410438-9.00023-6

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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Section: Korsnäs Pb-ree Depositmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Eu content is high, from 66 to 242 ppm, whereas the Th contents range from 107 to 604 ppm. Ba and Sr are also enriched (3600-3800 ppm and 2200-3400 ppm respectively) mainly in the carbonatite dikes [13,17]. The accessory mineral assemblages in the carbonatite dikes of the Korsnäs zone are virtually identical, and include REE-bearing apatite, monazite, bastnäsite, ancylite, britholite, calcite and barite.…”

Section: Korsnäs Pb-ree Depositmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Kortejärvi dyke also contains glimmerite and olivine magnetite rocks, whereas silicocarbonatite and glimmerite occur in the Laivajoki dyke. Total REE contents are 210-1644 ppm and 443-892 ppm in the Laivajoki and in the Kortejärvi carbonatite, respectively [13]. Three samples were selected from the available drill cores of Kortejärvi carbonatite dyke for the purpose of mineralogical studies.…”

Section: Korsnäs Pb-ree Depositmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The metasomatic carbonatite dyke sampled in outcrops contains 2.8 wt % P 2 O 5 , 0.43 wt % REE 2 O 3 and 256 ppm Nb. In albitite and albite carbonate rocks, the average total REE content is 0.1 wt % [13]. The albite carbonate rock samples are composed of sodic plagioclase with minor carbonate (calcite and dolomite), quartz and mica (biotite), but are also highly enriched with apatite and REE minerals such as monazite, allanite, euxenite, Fe-columbite and thorite.…”

Section: The Mäkärä Vaulo Area In the Tana Beltmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geology and Mineralogy of Rare Earth Elements Deposits and Occurrences in Finland

et al. 2018

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Rare earth elements (REE) have critical importance in the manufacturing of many electronic products in the high-tech and green-tech industries. Currently, mining and processing of REE is strongly concentrated in China. A substantial growth in global exploration for REE deposits has taken place in the recent years and has resulted in considerable advances in defining new resources. This study provides an overview of the mineralogical and petrological peculiarities of the most important REE prospects and metallogeny of REE in Finland. There is a particularly good potential for future discoveries of carbonatite hosted REE deposits in the Paleozoic Sokli carbonatite complex, as well as in the Paleoproterozoic Korsnäs and Kortejärvi Laivajoki areas. This review also provides information about the highest known REE concentration in the alkaline intrusions of Finland in the Tana Belt and other alkaline rock hosted occurrences (e.g., Otanmäki and Katajakangas). Significant REE enrichments in hydrothermal alteration zones are also known in the Kuusamo Belt (Uuniniemi and Honkilehto), and occurrences of REE-rich mineralisation are also present in granite pegmatite bodies and greisens in central and southern Finland (Kovela monazite granite and the Rapakivi Granite batholith at Vyborg, respectively). REE minerals in all of the localities listed above were identified and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron microprobes (EMPs). In localities of northern and central Finland, both primary rock forming and epigenetic-hydrothermal REE minerals were found, namely phosphates (monazite-Ce, xenotime-Y), fluorcarbonates (bastnäsite-Ce, synchysite), and hydrated carbonates (ancylite-Ce), hydrated aluminium silicates (allanite-Ce, Fe-allanite, cerite, chevkinite), oxides (fergusonite, euxenite) and U-Pb rich minerals. The chondrite normalized REE concentrations, the La/Nd ratios and the REE vs. major element contents in several types of REE bearing minerals from prospects in Finland can be used to identify and define variable REE fractionation processes (carbonatites), as well as to discriminate deposits of different origins.

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Section: Korsnäs Pb-ree Depositmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Korsnäs Pb-ree Depositmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Korsnäs Pb-ree Depositmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Mäkärä Vaulo Area In the Tana Beltmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geology and Mineralogy of Rare Earth Elements Deposits and Occurrences in Finland

et al. 2018

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“…In addition to traditional base metal and gold exploration in northern Europe, much effort has recently been devoted to finding new potential sources of high-tech metals (Sarapää et al, 2015), as the European high-technology industry is currently heavily dependent on imports of most of these metals. Altogether, 26 metals plus the Rare Earth Element (REE) group are included, reflecting the fact that the number of sought-after mineral commodities has been widening along with the technical development of the society.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%