High symptom reporters are less interoceptively accurate in a symptom-related context

Bogaerts, Katleen; Millen, An; Wan, Li; Peuter, Steven De; Diest, Ilse Van; Vlemincx, Elke; Fannes, Stien; Bergh, Omer Van den

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.03.019

Cited by 92 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…'false alarms'), seemingly contradicting the prediction of improved accuracy. Similarly, Van den Bergh and colleagues found significantly lower correspondence between induced respiratory changes and self-reported breathlessness in a CO 2 inhalation paradigm for non-clinical MUS reporters (Bogaerts et al, 2008) and MUS patients (Bogaerts et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Interoceptive Hypervigilance Thresholds and Awarenessmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…This effect only appeared when participants were asked to rate "symptoms" (e.g., dyspnea/breathlessness) and not when rating neutrally labelled "sensations" (e.g., breathing intensity), showing that a reduction in sensory-perceptual detail is only applied when contextual cues advance symptom-related priors (Bogaerts et al, 2005(Bogaerts et al, , 2008(Bogaerts et al, , 2010b. Less detailed sensoryperceptual processing of somatic episodes in SSD patients may also underlie the absence of a peak-end bias when evaluating previous somatic episodes (Bogaerts et al, 2012) and less specific healthrelated autobiographical memories (Walentynowicz et al, 2016).…”

Section: Threat and Negative Affect (Na)mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Symptoms and the body: Taking the inferential leap

Bergh

Witthöft

Petersen

et al. 2017

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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a b s t r a c tThe relationship between the conscious experience of physical symptoms and indicators of objective physiological dysfunction is highly variable and depends on characteristics of the person, the context and their interaction. This relationship often breaks down entirely in the case of "medically unexplained" or functional somatic symptoms, violating the basic assumption in medicine that physical symptoms have physiological causes. In this paper, we describe the prevailing theoretical approach to this problem and review the evidence pertaining to it. We then use the framework of predictive coding to propose a new and more comprehensive model of the body-symptom relationship that integrates existing concepts within a unifying framework that addresses many of the shortcomings of current theory. We describe the conditions under which a close correspondence between the experience of symptoms and objective physiology might be expected, and when they are likely to diverge. We conclude by exploring some theoretical and clinical implications of this new account.

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Section: Interoceptive Hypervigilance Thresholds and Awarenessmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Threat and Negative Affect (Na)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Symptoms and the body: Taking the inferential leap

Bergh

Witthöft

Petersen

et al. 2017

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

Self Cite

353

325

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“…Careless responding, random responding, fatigue, and lack of effort are all known to operate in student samples and contribute to inflated symptom scores 10,25,26 . A clinically more interesting route to over-reporting is suggested by studies that found dissociation to be related to trait-like phenomena such as negative affectivity, alexithymia, and poor symptom perception 27,28 . Specifically, there might exist a subgroup of dissociative people whose primary problem is their difficulty in identifying somatic experiences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The overlap between dissociative symptoms and symptom over-reporting

et al. 2015

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-Background and Objectives:The potential link between dissociative symptoms and symptom over-reporting has been given little attention. In two student samples (N's = 139 and 113) and a clinical sample (N = 21), we examined whether self-reported dissociative symptoms are related to symptom over-reporting.Methods: We relied on different measures of dissociation and over-reporting. In the clinical sample, we looked at whether the well-established link between dissociative symptoms and sleep disturbances would survive if we corrected for symptom over-reporting.Results: Dissociativity correlated with symptom over-reporting in the student samples, but not in the clinical sample. Correcting for over-reporting tendencies did not fundamentally alter the relationships between dissociative symptoms and sleep disturbances in the clinical sample.Conclusions: Our results suggest that the overlap between symptom over-reporting and dissociativity is much more a problem in nonclinical than in clinical samples.

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“…So, it is no surprise that symptom reports tend to be more elevated with higher state anxiety, distress, as well as in individuals scoring high for trait negative affectivity, a personality trait characterized by an overreactive evaluative system, elevated threat sensitivity, and vulnerability to negative emotions (see Table 1). A positive relationship between trait negative affectivity and symptom reporting shows up during controlled symptom inductions [78][79][80][81] as well as in the absence of physiological dysfunction [81][82][83]. High trait negative affectivity also characterizes high habitual symptom reporters among healthy persons [84*,85] as well as patients with somatoform disorder [86,87].…”

Section: Understanding Individual Differences In Symptom Overreportingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, high habitual symptom reporters and patients with somatoform disorders show diminished correspondence between induced physiological reactions and self-reported symptoms [81,89]. Second, elevated symptom reports can be elicited in these persons by simply inducing negative affect (through picture viewing) despite the absence of differences in physiological arousal [83,84*,90,91*], suggesting that presenting affective cues substantially biases the experience of a somatic state.…”

Section: Understanding Individual Differences In Symptom Overreportingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy and bias in retrospective symptom reporting

Bergh

Walentynowicz

2016

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

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Current Opinion in Psychiatry, in press 2 Purpose of reviewSelf-reported bodily symptoms are of primary importance in health care and in health-related research. Typically they are assessed in clinical interviews or by means of traditional questionnaire formats that require the respondent to provide retrospective symptom estimates rated along intuitive frequency and/or intensity standards and aggregated across varying or unspecified time windows. Recent findingsRetrospective symptom assessments are often biased when compared to (averaged) momentary assessments of symptoms. A variety of factors and conditions have been identified to influence the amount of bias in symptom reporting. Recent research has focused on the underlying mechanisms for the discrepancy between memory and experience. It is suggested that different types of questions and formats assess different types of information that each may be relevant for other purposes.Knowledge of these underlying mechanisms also provides a relevant framework to better understand individual differences in symptom reporting, including somatoform and somatic symptom disorder. SummaryAccuracy of self-reported bodily symptoms is important for the clinician and the researcher. Understanding the mechanisms underlying bias may be provide an interesting window to understand how symptom episodes are processed, encoded and consolidated in memory and provide clues to modify symptom experiences.

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High symptom reporters are less interoceptively accurate in a symptom-related context

Cited by 92 publications

References 41 publications

Symptoms and the body: Taking the inferential leap

Symptoms and the body: Taking the inferential leap

The overlap between dissociative symptoms and symptom over-reporting

Accuracy and bias in retrospective symptom reporting

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