High‐resolution three‐dimensional laser radar with static unitary detector

Mheen, Bongki; Shim, Jea-Sik; Oh, Mi‐Kyung; Song, Jung-Ho; Song, Minhyup; Choi, Gyu Dong; Seo, Hongsoek; Kwon, Yong-Hwan

doi:10.1049/el.2013.3298

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Here, CPDT is the total parasitic capacitance of the photosensitive cell. M is the binary-weighted number because NIN has to be a multiple of twp for the optimum implementation of TICA at the circuit level [8]. In this work, CPDS of 2 pF is targeted, so that a 16-to-1 TICA is proposed with CPDT of 32 pF, resulting in a partitioning number NIN of 16.…”

Section: Analysis Of Photodetector Partitioning Cell Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A LADAR sensor has difficulty processing all reflected TOF signals for the region of interest (ROI) in every direction when obtaining 3-D imaging information in real-time. To resolve this, many solutions such as the rotational motor (RM)-based method [6], focal-plane-array (FPA) of the photodetectors-based method [7], and the static unitary detector (STUD)-based method [8,9] have been proposed. As both RM-based and FPA-based methods have a structural limitation to increase 3-D resolution, the STUD-based method has been developed to obtain high spatial resolution 3-D images with many advantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, as the increase in the photodetector area decreases its bandwidth due to an increased parasitic capacitance (CPD), this causes a large timing error (i.e., walk error [10,11]). In order to effectively increase the photodetector area with no harm to its bandwidth, the partitioning photosensitive cell (PPC) method has been proposed in earlier studies [8,9], as shown in Figure 2. In order to independently amplify the received signal, each partitioned cell has its own transimpedance amplifier (TIA), and a signal combiner sums the outputs from all TIAs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Spatial Resolution Three-Dimensional Imaging Static Unitary Detector-Based Laser Detection and Ranging Sensor

et al. 2019

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This paper presents a static unitary detector (STUD)-based laser detection and ranging (LADAR) sensor with a 16-to-1 transimpedance-combining amplifier for high spatial resolution three-dimensional (3-D) applications. In order to readout the large size of a photodetector for better results of 3-D information without any reduction of the bandwidth, the partitioning photosensitive cell method is embedded in a 16-to-1 transimpedance-combining amplifier. The effective number of partitioning photosensitive cells and signal-combining stages are selected based on the analysis of the partitioning photosensitive cell method for the optimum performance of a transimpedance-combining amplifier. A prototype chip is fabricated in a 0.18-μm CMOS technology. The input referred noise is 41.9 pA/√Hz with a bandwidth of 230 MHz and a transimpedance gain of 70.4 dB·Ω. The total power consumption of the prototype chip is approximately 86 mW from a 1.8-V supply, and the TICA consumes approximately 15.4 mW of it.

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Section: Analysis Of Photodetector Partitioning Cell Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Spatial Resolution Three-Dimensional Imaging Static Unitary Detector-Based Laser Detection and Ranging Sensor

et al. 2019

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“…There are different methods of implementing LADAR systems. The static unitary detector (STUD)-based technique [11] has some unique advantages compared with other techniques, such as the rotational motion-based technique [12] or the focal plane array (FPA)-based technique [13]. Because the STUD-based technique has only one signal processing chain and does not need micro-lenses to increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), it is cost effective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Switched 4-to-1 Transimpedance Combining Amplifier for Receiver Front-End Circuit of Static Unitary Detector-Based LADAR System

Lee¹,

Lee²,

Jung³

et al. 2017

Applied Sciences

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Laser detection and ranging (LADAR) systems are commonly used to acquire real-time three-dimensional (3D) images using the time-of-flight of a short laser pulse. A static unitary detector (STUD)-based LADAR system is a simple method for obtaining real-time high-resolution 3D images. In this study, a switched 4-to-1 transimpedance combining amplifier (TCA) is implemented as a receiver front-end readout integrated circuit for the STUD-based LADAR system. The 4-to-1 TCA is fabricated using a standard 0.18 µm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology, and it consists of four independent current buffers, a two-stage signal combiner, a balun, and an output buffer in one single integrated chip. In addition, there is a switch on each input current path to expand the region of interest with multiple photodetectors. The core of the TCA occupies an area of 92 µm × 68 µm, and the die size including I/O pads is 1000 µm × 840 µm. The power consumption of the fabricated chip is 17.8 mW for a supplied voltage of 1.8 V and a transimpedance gain of 67.5 dBΩ. The simulated bandwidth is 353 MHz in the presence of a 1 pF photodiode parasitic capacitance for each photosensitive cell.

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“…There are different operation methods of LADAR systems with varying scanning mechanisms, number of lasers and geometric configurations. Recently, a new technique for real‐time 3D images acquisition using a static unitary detector (STUD) was reported [3]. In this method, a large‐area photodetector is mainly utilised instead of using the rotational motion [4] or the focal‐plane‐array (FPA) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully integrated four‐input combining receiver front‐end circuit for laser radar with static unitary detector

Lee

Kim

2014

Electron. lett.

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A fully integrated four-input combining receiver front-end circuit is designed in a 0.18 μm CMOS technology for laser radar with a static unitary detector (STUD). This circuit consists of four independent transimpedance amplifiers, one signal combiner, a balun and an output buffer in one single integrated chip. The circuit provides 16.2 mW power consumption for a 1.8 V supplied voltage and 59.8 dBΩ transimpedance gain in the implemented experimental prototype for electrical pulse measurement. The fabricated prototype is worked exactly the same as the operation principle of the STUD in the two-dimensional optical pulse scanning measurement. Therefore, the proposed circuit is available for the STUD-based laser detection and ranging (LADAR) system as one integrated chip. This is the first demonstrated IC for the STUD-based laser radar system. Introduction: Laser detection and ranging (LADAR) sensors are commonly used to acquire real-time three-dimensional (3D) images using the time-of-flight (TOF) of a short laser pulse. Since the LADAR technology has a potential to obtain the 3D images of the fast moving target, it has been deployed in many applications like reconnaissance, autonomous vehicles and robots, remote sensing, terrain visualisation, and surface mapping for buildings and scenes [1,2]. For the real-time acquisition of 3D images, LADAR systems need to process all reflected TOF laser signals from every direction for a region of interest (ROI) in real time.There are different operation methods of LADAR systems with varying scanning mechanisms, number of lasers and geometric configurations. Recently, a new technique for real-time 3D images acquisition using a static unitary detector (STUD) was reported [3]. In this method, a large-area photodetector is mainly utilised instead of using the rotational motion [4] or the focal-plane-array (FPA) [5]. Specially, to overcome the bandwidth limitation by large parasitic capacitance of the large-area photodetector, multiple partitioned photosensitive cells are adapted in the STUD to collect incident photons. In the STUD, each cell has an independent cascading transimpedance amplifier (TIA) which amplifies the received signals from each cell, and all the outputs of each TIA are summed by a signal combiner. Consequently, each of the partitioned photodetectors can be operated independently without affecting each other, which indicates that no bandwidth limitation exists even increasing the number of cells. To implement the STUD-based LADAR system, however, TIAs are needed as much as the number of partitioned photosensitive cells and they are assembled on a single board. This causes restriction in the number of cells for higher-resolution 3D images on a large ROI due to the interconnection problem between a partitioned photodetector and multiple TIAs.In this Letter, a fully integrated compact four-input combining receiver front-end circuit for the STUD-based LADAR system is first proposed. Generally, in a readout IC (ROIC) for the FPA-based LADAR, minimising crosstalk betwe...

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High‐resolution three‐dimensional laser radar with static unitary detector

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

High Spatial Resolution Three-Dimensional Imaging Static Unitary Detector-Based Laser Detection and Ranging Sensor

High Spatial Resolution Three-Dimensional Imaging Static Unitary Detector-Based Laser Detection and Ranging Sensor

Switched 4-to-1 Transimpedance Combining Amplifier for Receiver Front-End Circuit of Static Unitary Detector-Based LADAR System

Fully integrated four‐input combining receiver front‐end circuit for laser radar with static unitary detector

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