High-resolution small-angle X-ray scattering camera for anomalous scattering

Long, Gabrielle G.; Jemian, P.R.; Weertman, J.; Black, David R.; Burdette, Harold E.; Spal, R.

doi:10.1107/s0021889890009256

Cited by 98 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…At least one coupon from each plate was measured multiple times (10-20 measurements). The USAXS data were reduced to subtract the empty beam (blank) scattering and the data converted to an absolute intensity scale using the primary method described previously (Long et al, 1991;. These data were not desmeared (i.e.…”

Section: Repeatability and Sample Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NIST Standard Reference Material 3600: Absolute Intensity Calibration Standard for Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

et al. 2017

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The certification of a new standard reference material for small-angle scattering [NIST Standard Reference Material (SRM) 3600: Absolute Intensity Calibration Standard for Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS)], based on glassy carbon, is presented. Creation of this SRM relies on the intrinsic primary calibration capabilities of the ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering technique. This article describes how the intensity calibration has been achieved and validated in the certified Q range, Q = 0.008-0.25 Å À1 , together with the purpose, use and availability of the SRM. The intensity calibration afforded by this robust and stable SRM should be applicable universally to all SAXS instruments that employ a transmission measurement geometry, working with a wide range of X-ray energies or wavelengths. The validation of the SRM SAXS intensity calibration using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) is discussed, together with the prospects for including SANS in a future renewal certification.

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Section: Repeatability and Sample Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, the development and application of BonseHart crystal optics to small-angle scattering has enabled a primary intensity calibration measurement to be developed and its reliability established (Bonse & Hart, 1965;Long et al, 1991). Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NIST Standard Reference Material 3600: Absolute Intensity Calibration Standard for Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

et al. 2017

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“…The scattering intensities of SANS and SAXS were measured in absolute units using a standard sample of irradiated aluminum 9) and glassy carbon, 10) respectively. The size distribution and number density of nano-size oxide particles were determined from the obtained SANS and SAXS profiles by the analysis using the following equation, …”

Section: Idmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nano-Size Oxide Particle Dispersion and δ-Ferrite Proportion on Creep Strength of 9Cr-ODS Steel

et al. 2009

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The effects of chemical compositions on the microstructure and high-temperature creep strength of 9Cr-ODS steel was discussed in the light of quantitative data of -ferrite proportion and nano-size oxide particle dispersion, which were evaluated by dilatometric analysis and small angle neutron/X-ray scattering analysis, respectively. These quantitative data are well consistent with the conventional data obtained by transmission electron microscope. Both data indicate that the important microstructural feature for creep strength improvement of the 9Cr-ODS steel is the number density of nano-size oxide particles, and ferrite/martensite (F/M) duplex structure is favorable for high population nano-size oxide particle dispersion. Both optimization of excess oxygen concentration and control of the F/M duplex structure are promising technique for nano-structure control of 9Cr-ODS steel. Tungsten solid solution strengthening appears to be small compared with oxide dispersion strengthening enhanced by duplex microstructure formation.

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“…For these measurements the instrument was assembled in slit geometry. Slit-smeared data were processed with the code developed for use on this USAXS instrument, including numerical desmearing of the USAXS data using the Lake (1967) method as implemented by Long et al (1991).…”

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confidence: 99%

Application of small-angle scattering to study the effects of moisture content on a native soy protein

et al. 2008

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The nano-and microstructure of glycinin, a soybean protein, has been investigated as a function of moisture for moisture contents between 4 and 21 wt%. Glycinin exhibits peaks in the small-angle region whose positions show minimal change with X-rays for samples up to 13% moisture. However, the use of neutron scattering, and the associated enhancement in contrast, results in the Bragg peaks being well resolved up to higher moisture contents; the associated shift in peak positions between 4 and 21% moisture are consistent with the expansion of a hexagonal unit cell as a function of moisture content. A Porod slope of $À4 indicates that the interface between the 'dry' protein powder and the surrounding medium at a length-scale of at least 3 mm down to $20 nm is smooth and sharp. Scanning electron microscopy indicates that the powders, with low moisture content, have a porous appearance, with the porosity decreasing and microstructure expanding as the moisture content increases.

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High-resolution small-angle X-ray scattering camera for anomalous scattering

Cited by 98 publications

References 9 publications

NIST Standard Reference Material 3600: Absolute Intensity Calibration Standard for Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

NIST Standard Reference Material 3600: Absolute Intensity Calibration Standard for Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

Effect of Nano-Size Oxide Particle Dispersion and δ-Ferrite Proportion on Creep Strength of 9Cr-ODS Steel

Application of small-angle scattering to study the effects of moisture content on a native soy protein

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High-resolution small-angle X-ray scattering camera for anomalous scattering

Cited by 98 publications

References 9 publications

NIST Standard Reference Material 3600: Absolute Intensity Calibration Standard for Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

NIST Standard Reference Material 3600: Absolute Intensity Calibration Standard for Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

Effect of Nano-Size Oxide Particle Dispersion and &delta;-Ferrite Proportion on Creep Strength of 9Cr-ODS Steel

Application of small-angle scattering to study the effects of moisture content on a native soy protein

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Effect of Nano-Size Oxide Particle Dispersion and δ-Ferrite Proportion on Creep Strength of 9Cr-ODS Steel