High-resolution reversed-phase liquid chromatography system for the analysis of complex solutions of primary and secondary amino acids

Comparative studies on mycosporine-like amino acids, paralytic shellfish toxins and pigment profiles of the toxic dinoflagellates Alexandrium tamarense, A. catenella and A. minutum

“…Final purification was accomplished using the above-mentioned analytical method. Chemical identities of prepared standards were confirmed by alkaline hydrolysis and analysis of their amino acid composition by the method of Einarsson et al (1986). Palythenic acid, palythene and usujirene were also chemically characterised by the method outlined by Carreto et al (1990b), and their identity confirmed by electrospray mass spectrometry.…”

Liquid chromatographic enantiomer resolution of N‐fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl α‐amino acids and their ester derivatives on polysaccharide‐derived chiral stationary phases

“…Owing to the growing interest in peptide synthesis, questions regarding the enantiomeric purities of the N-protected a-amino acids are increasingly asked [1,2]. Among several N-protecting groups for a-amino acids, the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (FMOC) group is one of the most useful protecting groups for amino acids [3][4][5] and, especially, it has been extensively applied for amine protection in solid-phase synthesis [6]. One major advantage of the FMOC derivatization is that it provides high sensitivity in fluorescence detection.…”

“…One major advantage of the FMOC derivatization is that it provides high sensitivity in fluorescence detection. Moreover, other advantages are the formation of stable FMOC derivatives and easy derivatization for both primary and secondary amino acids [5]. For liquid chromatographic direct enantiomer separation of N-protected FMOC a-amino acids, several results on chiral stationary phases (CSPs) derived from CD [7,8], cellulose derivatives [9], and macrocyclic antibiotic [10], and on several brush-type CSPs [11][12][13][14][15] derived from small molecules of amino acids, quinine, and cinchona derivatives have been reported.…”

Determination of peptides and amino acids from wool and beer with sensitive fluorescent reagent 2-(9-carbazole)-ethyl chloroformate by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromotography and liquid chromotography mass spectrometry

“…These techniques have been used in the physical, chemical, and biological sciences to investigate the structure and dynamics of living systems. Although a number of different types of fluorescent Analytical Biochemistry 313 (2003) [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] www.elsevier.com/locate/yabio ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY tagging reagents [6][7][8][9][10] have been developed, many reports have described various shortcomings in application. For example, the o-phthaldialdehyde method offers greater sensitivity and more selectivity [11][12][13], but is limited to primary amino acids only.…”

“…Data reported previously indicated that the reagent itself undergoes about 50% decomposition in methanol-water solution exposed to daylight within 25 min [15] and a large number of fluorescent components that eluted later than the derviative itself have been found. 2-(9-Fluorenyl)-ethyl chloroformate (FMOC) [16,17], 1-(9-fluorenyl)-ethyl chloroformate [18], and 2-(9-anthryl)-ethyl chloroformate (AEOC) [19] reagents have also been developed for the derivatization of amino acids and peptides for chiral or non-chiral separation in LC or CE. More recently, 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (AQC) has also been developed as a popular precolumn derivatization agent [20] for the determination of amino acids with satisfactory results.…”