“…A detailed description of the TuFIR spectrometer at NIST has been given elsewhere (19,20), so only a brief summary will be presented here. We generate far-infrared radiation by mixing the mid-infrared output from two frequency-locked CO 2 lasers (with frequencies 1 and 2 ) and a microwave synthesizer (with frequency MW ) on a cobalt-tungsten metal- insulator-metal (MIM) diode.…”