High-Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) for the Earth Observing System

Gille, J. C.; Barnett, J. J.; Mankin, William G.; Johnson, Brian R.; Dials, Michael A.; Whitney, John G.; Woodard, Douglas; Arter, Phillip I.; Rudolph, Wayne P.

doi:10.1117/12.187571

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This is followed by HIRDLS, reaching from the tropopause to around 80 km altitude; this dataset has a MDVW of 2 up to around 60 km which then reduces to 4 km. (Gille et al, 2013;Wright and Gille, 2013). COSMIC profiles reach up to 60 km, with a MDVW of ∼ 2.8 km in the stratosphere (Tsuda et al, 2011).…”

Section: Geographic Coveragementioning

confidence: 98%

“…V007 of the HIRDLS dataset provides vertical temperature profiles from the tropopause to ∼ 80 km in altitude as a function of pressure, allowing us to produce useful gravity wave analyses at these higher altitudes. Measurements have a precision ∼ 0.5 K throughout the stratosphere, decreasing smoothly to ∼ 1 K at the stratopause and 3 K or more above this, depending on latitude and season (Khosravi et al, 2009;Gille et al, 2013;Wright et al, 2015). Vertical resolution is ∼ 1 km in the stratosphere, rising smoothly between ∼ 60 and ∼ 70 to ∼ 2 km.…”

Section: Hirdlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-instrument gravity-wave measurements over Tierra del Fuego and the Drake Passage – Part 1: Potential energies and vertical wavelengths from AIRS, COSMIC, HIRDLS, MLS-Aura, SAAMER, SABER and radiosondes

Hindley¹,

Moss²,

Mitchell³

2015

Preprint

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Abstract. Gravity waves in the terrestrial atmosphere are a vital geophysical process, acting to transport energy and momentum on a wide range of scales and to couple the various atmospheric layers. Despite the importance of these waves, the many studies to date have often exhibited very dissimilar results, and it remains unclear whether these differences are primarily instrumental or methodological. Here, we address this problem by comparing observations made by a diverse range of the most widely-used gravity wave resolving instruments in a common geographic region around the southern Andes and Drake Passage, an area known to exhibit strong wave activity. Specifically, we use data from three limb-sounding radiometers (MLS-Aura, HIRDLS and SABER), the COSMIC GPS-RO constellation, a ground-based meteor radar, the AIRS infrared nadir sounder and radiosondes to examine the gravity wave potential energy (GWPE) and vertical wavelengths (λz) of individual gravity wave packets from the lower troposphere to the edge of the lower thermosphere. Our results show important similarities and differences. Limb sounder measurements show high intercorrelation, typically > 0.80 between any instrument pair. Meteor-radar observations agree in form with the limb sounders, despite vast technical differences. AIRS and radiosonde observations tend to be uncorrelated or anticorrelated with the other datasets, suggesting very different behaviour of the wave field in the different spectral regimes accessed by each instrument. Except in spring, we see little dissipation of GWPE throughout the stratosphere and lower mesosphere. Observed GWPE for individual wave packets exhibits a log-normal distribution, with short-timescale intermittency dominating over a well-repeated monthly-median seasonal cycle. GWPE and λz exhibit strong correlations with the stratospheric winds, but not with local surface winds. Our results provide guidance for interpretation and intercomparison of such datasets in their full context, and reinforce the vital point that no one dataset can represent the whole spectrum of gravity waves in the terrestrial atmosphere.

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Section: Geographic Coveragementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Hirdlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-instrument gravity-wave measurements over Tierra del Fuego and the Drake Passage – Part 1: Potential energies and vertical wavelengths from AIRS, COSMIC, HIRDLS, MLS-Aura, SAAMER, SABER and radiosondes

Hindley¹,

Moss²,

Mitchell³

2015

Preprint

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“…I use v7 HIRDLS data, v4.2 MLS data and v2.0 SABER data. Detailed information on the comparative GW detection characteristics of these datasets is provided by and Wright et al (2016), and information on the more general properties of the three instruments and their retrievals is provided by Gille et al (2013), Livesey et al (2015) and Remsberg et al (2008) for HIRDLS, MLS and SABER, respectively. HIRDLS data cover the period from January 2005 to December 2007, MLS from August 2004 onwards, and SABER from January 2002 onwards.…”

Section: Gw Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the global impact of tropical cyclone‐associated gravity waves using HIRDLS, MLS, SABER and IBTrACS data

Wright

2019

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Tropical convective systems are major sources of atmospheric gravity waves (GWs). These waves are a key driver of global atmospheric circulation, especially in the middle and upper atmosphere. Tropical cyclones (TCs) such as hurricanes and typhoons are particularly dramatic examples of such systems, and are therefore potentially significant individual sources of GWs. To investigate this effect, GW observations from three satellite limb sounders in the vicinity of TCs are produced and analysed. By statistically combining 15 years of GW observations from 1,379 individual TCs represented in the International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship, it is shown that TCs are associated with a 15% increase of GW amplitudes over background and a 25% increase in measured momentum fluxes, primarily during the period immediately before the TC. It is further shown that this additional contribution is small relative to other GW‐generating processes, and thus that individual TCs do not have a large quantitative effect on the dynamics of the middle and upper atmosphere as a whole. Thus, it is concluded that accurate modelling of TC‐generated short vertical wavelength GWs need not be a development priority for the next generation of weather and climate models. The results also demonstrate that stronger GW activity is associated with TCs that will later develop into hurricane‐intensity storms than is observed for those that will not, and thus that better space‐based monitoring of stratospheric GW activity could be a useful tool to help improve the forecasting of strong hurricane events in the presence of obscuring tropospheric cloud.

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“…In the lower stratosphere, the strongest winds occur in the winter polar jet and a secondary maximum occurs in the summer subtropical jet. The four ovals on the right half of the field represent weighting function cross sections for limb sounding measurements in order of increasing vertical resolution: Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS; Fetzer and Gille 1994), Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere (CRISTA; Preusse et al 2000), High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS; Gille et al 1994), and GPS (Tsuda et al 2000). The white contour in the lower center of the image represents a convective cloud, which was the source for the waves in the model (Holton and Alexander 1999).…”

Section: A Fast Versus Slow Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Satellite Observations to Constrain Parameterizations of Gravity Wave Effects for Global Models

Alexander

Barnet

2007

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

161

257

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Small-scale gravity waves are common features in atmospheric temperature observations. In satellite observations, these waves have been traditionally difficult to resolve because the footprint or resolution of the measurements precluded their detection or clear identification. Recent advances in satellite instrument resolution coupled to innovative analysis techniques have led in the last decade to some new global datasets describing the temperature variance associated with these waves. Such satellite observations have been considered the best hope for quantifying the global properties of gravity waves needed to constrain parameterizations of their effects for global models. Although global maps of averaged gravity wave temperature variance have now been published from a variety of different instruments on Earth-orbiting platforms these maps have not provided the needed constraints. The present paper first summarizes what has been learned from traditional temporally and spatially averaged analyses of satellite gravity wave observations and why new analysis methods are needed. Then an alternative is offered to these traditional analyses that recognizes the fact that the waves occur in large-amplitude events, or wave packets, that can be analyzed individually and in a statistical sense with probability density functions. For this purpose the authors present some examples of the occurrence of short-horizontal-scale waves appearing in Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) radiance measurements and present statistics on the wave properties compiled over 1 month of data for a geographic region over Patagonia, South America.

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High-Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) for the Earth Observing System

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Multi-instrument gravity-wave measurements over Tierra del Fuego and the Drake Passage – Part 1: Potential energies and vertical wavelengths from AIRS, COSMIC, HIRDLS, MLS-Aura, SAAMER, SABER and radiosondes

Multi-instrument gravity-wave measurements over Tierra del Fuego and the Drake Passage – Part 1: Potential energies and vertical wavelengths from AIRS, COSMIC, HIRDLS, MLS-Aura, SAAMER, SABER and radiosondes

Quantifying the global impact of tropical cyclone‐associated gravity waves using HIRDLS, MLS, SABER and IBTrACS data

Using Satellite Observations to Constrain Parameterizations of Gravity Wave Effects for Global Models

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