High-resolution dual-energy sixteen-channel Kirkpatrick–Baez microscope for ultrafast laser plasma diagnostics

Abstract

High-resolution x-ray imaging diagnostics play a crucial role in fundamental research, such as inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and high-energy density physics (HEDP). Plasma signals are typically characterized by small scales, rapid evolution, and spectral complexity. These characteristics make it essential to develop x-ray diagnostics optics with high spatial resolution, collection efficiency, and spectral resolution. These requirements can be met using a combination of a high-resolution multi-channel Kirkpatrick–Baez (KB) microscope with spectrum-resolved multilayers and a time-resolved framing camera. This study describes the optical and multilayer design of a dual-energy sixteen-channel KB microscope. The calibrated results of online and offline imaging are shown. By utilizing a dual-energy multi-channel KB microscope, high-resolution backlighting and self-emission x-ray imaging can be realized and detailed information related to plasma density and temperature can be simultaneously obtained.

High efficiency, high-resolution multiple monochromatic imaging based on multilayers mirrors array for laser-plasma diagnostic of X-ray continuum emission

“…In conjunction with a streak camera, diagnostic experiments were conducted to analyze the temperature and implosion trajectory near critical density surfaces of a CD imploding target at the kJ-class ShenGuang III prototype facility. Compared with the previous similar system [13,14], the multilayers mirror array developed in this paper has nearly an order of magnitude improvement in collection efficiency while maintaining a spatial resolution of 3-5 μm. This system is capable of acquiring spatial, temporal, and spectral information from weak and small-scale X-ray signals during implosion, offering easily adjustable response energies with excellent scalability.…”

“…This study introduces a novel multiple monochromatic imaging technique based on a multilayers mirrors array designed for the diagnostics of X-ray continuous emission within the energy range of several keVs. By employing grazing-incidence reflection to focus X-rays, this method surpasses pinhole imaging in spatial resolution, achieving 3-5 μm, and in collection efficiency, reaching 10 -7 -10 -6 sr [13,14]. This represents a significant advancement over previous X-ray multilayers systems [15,16], extending the operational energy range to several keVs and increasing the number of energy points from two to four.…”

High-resolution Mo Kα X-ray monochromatic backlight imaging using a toroidal crystal

“…High-resolution X-ray imaging is very important in research fields such as laser-driven inertial-confinement fusion (ICF), high-energy-density physics, and laboratory astrophysics [1][2][3] . In ICF experiments, high-resolution X-ray monochromatic imaging of the hot spot in the late stages of a pellet implosion is a necessary diagnostic method for studying important physical issues, such as the shape of the hot spot, the temperature distribution, and fuel mixing [4,5] .…”

High-resolution x-ray monochromatic imaging for laser plasma diagnostics based on toroidal crystal

“…It is difficult to obtain a sufficient illumination field of view (FOV) to cover the entire plasma region to be diagnosed using traditional small-aperture devices, such as pinhole cameras [11,12] and grazing incidence imaging (e.g. a Kirkpatrick-Baez microscope [13][14][15]). Pointprojection radiography has been used for large-FOV x-ray imaging in ICF experiments; however, its spatial resolution is determined by the focus size of the backlighter [16,17].…”