“…For such experimental systems, information from multiple optical indicators can be mathematically combined to further reduce the uncertainty of a position measurement and to enable an orientation measurement with low uncertainty. Related measurements have diverse applications in microtechnology, nanotechnology, biology, materials and metrology (Freeman, 2001;Ropp et al, 2013;Berfield et al, 2006Berfield et al, , 2007McGray et al, 2013;Samuel et al, 2007;Yoshida et al, 2011;Teyssieux et al, 2011;Ueno et al, 2010). Recently, constellations of fluorescent nanoparticles indicating the motion of microscopic actuators were localized and tracked, demonstrating the utility of the measurement method (McGray et al, 2013;Copeland et al, 2015).…”