High‐resolution computed tomography in healthy smokers and never‐smokers: a 6‐year follow‐up study of men born in 1933

Vikgren, Jenny; Boijsen, Marianne; Andelid, Kristina; Ekberg-Jansson, Ann; Larsson, S; Bake, Björn; Tylén, Ulf

doi:10.1080/02841850310002970

Cited by 27 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…(22)(23)(24)(25)(26) In addition, the EI has been shown to increase with age. (24,26) One group of authors (22) investigated this issue in a cohort of healthy individuals younger than 40 years of age, showing that EI values ≤ 0.35% should be considered normal for volumetric measurements performed with 10-mm collimation, 50 mAs, and a standard reconstruction algorithm; those authors found that the EI was not significantly influenced by age in that age group, a finding that is consistent with those of the present study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Índice de enfisema pulmonar em coorte de pacientes sem doença pulmonar conhecida: influência da idade

et al. 2012

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Objective: To investigate the effects of age on pulmonary emphysema, based on the values of the emphysema index (EI) in a cohort of patients who had never smoked and who had no recognizable lung disease. Methods: We reviewed the CT scans, reported as normal, of 315 patients. Exclusion criteria were a history of smoking, cardiorespiratory disease, and exposure to drugs that could cause lung disease. From this cohort, we selected 32 patients (16 men and 16 women), matched for gender and body mass index, who were divided equally into two groups by age (< 50 years and ≥ 50 years). We quantified emphysema using a computer program specific to that task. The EI was calculated with a threshold of −950 HU. We also evaluated total lung volume (TLV) and mean lung density (MLD). Results: The overall means for TLV, MLD, and EI were 5,027 mL, −827 HU, and 2.54%, respectively. Mean values in the older and younger groups, respectively, were as follows: for TLV, 5,229 mL vs. 4,824 mL (p > 0.05); for MLD, −846 HU vs. −813 HU (p < 0.04); and for EI, 3.30% vs. 1.28% (p < 0.001). Significant correlations were found between EI and age (r = 0.66; p = 0.001), EI and TLV (r = 0.58; p = 0.001), and EI and MLD (r = −0.67; p < 0.001). The predicted EI per age was defined by the regression equation (r 2 = 0.43): p50(EI) = 0.049 × age − 0.5353. Conclusions: It is important to consider the influence of age when quantifying emphysema in patients over 50 years of age. Based on the regression analysis, EI values of 2.6%, 3.5%, and 4.5% can be considered normal for patients 30, 50, and 70 years of age, respectively. Keywords: Pulmonary emphysema; Tomography, spiral computed; Aging; Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive. ResumoObjetivo: Investigar os efeitos da idade no enfisema pulmonar, com base nos valores do índice de enfisema (IE) em uma coorte de pacientes que nunca fumou e que não possuía doença pulmonar conhecida. Métodos: Foram revisados exames de TC, considerados normais, de 315 pacientes. Tabagismo, doenças cardiorrespiratórias e exposição a drogas que poderiam causar doença pulmonar foram critérios de exclusão. Dessa coorte, selecionamos 32 pacientes (16 homens e 16 mulheres), igualmente divididos em dois grupos (idade < 50 anos e idade ≥ 50 anos), que foram pareados por gênero e índice de massa corpórea. Realizou-se a quantificação do enfisema utilizando um programa específico. O IE foi calculado com um limiar de −950 UH. O volume pulmonar total (VPT) e a densidade pulmonar média (DPM) também foram avaliados. Resultados: As médias gerais de VPT, DPM e IE foram 5.027 mL, −827 UH e 2,54%, respectivamente. A comparação entre os mais velhos e os mais novos mostrou as seguintes médias: VPT (5.229 mL vs. 4.824 mL; p > 0,05); DPM (−846 UH vs. −813 UH; p < 0,04) e IE (3,30% vs. 1,28%; p < 0,001). Houve correlações significativas entre IE e idade (r = 0,66; p = 0,001), IE e VPT (r = 0,58; p = 0,001) e IE e DPM (r = −0,67; p < 0,001). O IE previsto por idade foi definido através da equação de regressão (r 2 = 0,43): p50(IE) = 0,049 × i...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Índice de enfisema pulmonar em coorte de pacientes sem doença pulmonar conhecida: influência da idade

et al. 2012

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“…We did not include a group of never-smokers since previous studies have shown that non-smokers generally do not develop emphysema [8,10,15]. In the studies by Tylen et al and Vikgren et al [10,15], which included considerably older subjects, 60Á67 years old, emphysema was diagnosed in only one of 32 (3%) never-smokers and none of 26 never-smokers, respectively. It could be criticized that only one experienced thoracic radiologist evaluated the HRCT.…”

Section: Limitations and Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of emphysema and its association with BMI: A study of smokers with normal spirometry

Stratelis

Fransson

Schmekel

et al. 2008

Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care

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“…11). Progressive bronchial alterations with increasing age were also demonstrated by Vikgren et al [39]. This phenomenon may be due to physiological changes in the ageing lung, causing a reduction in arterial oxygen pressure, leading to both hypoxic bronchodilatation and hypoxic vasoconstriction.…”

Section: Bronchial Dilatationmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…9a,b). Vikgren et al showed that sub-pleural nodularity was present in a significant proportion of normal subjects in their study, a finding they attributed to age-related change [39]. The cause of these minute subpleural nodules was not established, but the authors speculate that they may be the result of some earlier disease or exposure [39].…”

Section: Nodularitymentioning

confidence: 92%

High-resolution computed tomography of the lungs: the borderlands of normality

Dalal

Hansell

2005

Eur Radiol

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High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is now widely used in the assessment of airways and diffuse lung disease. Considerable literature on pathologic correlation has increased the understanding of the signs of disease seen on HRCT. However, neither the significance of subtle individual signs nor the spectrum of HRCT appearances in healthy lungs is well documented. HRCT signs that cause diagnostic uncertainty and the spectrum of findings that exist between definite normality and definite abnormality are discussed.

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High‐resolution computed tomography in healthy smokers and never‐smokers: a 6‐year follow‐up study of men born in 1933

Abstract: In healthy, elderly never-smokers a low extent of various HRCT findings has to be considered normal. Emphysema, parenchymal nodules, and ground-glass opacities are indicative of smoking-induced disease. Further progress may cease if smoking is stopped.

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

Índice de enfisema pulmonar em coorte de pacientes sem doença pulmonar conhecida: influência da idade

Índice de enfisema pulmonar em coorte de pacientes sem doença pulmonar conhecida: influência da idade

High prevalence of emphysema and its association with BMI: A study of smokers with normal spirometry

High-resolution computed tomography of the lungs: the borderlands of normality

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