High-resolution Beijing mesosphere–stratosphere–troposphere (MST) radar detection of tropopause structure and variability over Xianghe (39.75° N, 116.96° E), China

Chen, Feilong; Chen, Gang; Tian, Yufang; Zhang, Shaodong; Huang, Kai; Wu, Chen; Zhang, Weifan

doi:10.5194/angeo-37-631-2019

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In the low mode, the data acquisition rate remains >90% at heights of 3.5-10 km, and then decreases rapidly to 50% at height of 15 km. Note that the profile of low mode clearly shows a reversal at heights of 14-16 km corresponded to the tropopause (Chen et al, 2019). In the middle mode, the data acquisition rate remains >90% at heights of 10-20 km, and then decreases rapidly to 19% at height of 25 km.…”

Section: Clutter Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Wuhan MST radar: Technical features and Validation of wind observations

Li¹,

Chen²,

Zhang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. The Wuhan MST radar is a 53.8 MHz monostatic Doppler radar, located in Chongyang, Hubei Province, China, which has the capability to observe the dynamics of the mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere region in the subtropical latitudes. The system is composed of 576 Yagi antennas with square distribution, and the maximum peak power is 192 kW. The Wuhan MST radar is efficient and cheap, which applies simplifier and more flexible architecture. It includes 24 big TR modules, and the row/column data port of each big TR module connects 24 small TR modules via the corresponding row/column feeding network. Each antenna is driven by a small TR module with peak output power of 300 W. The arrangement of the antenna field, the functions of the timing signals, the structure of the TR modules, and the clutter suppression procedure are described in detail in this manuscript. We compared the MST radar observation results with other instruments and related models in the whole MST region for validation. Firstly, we made a comparison of the Wuhan MST radar observed horizontal winds in the troposphere and low stratosphere with the radiosonde in the short term, as well as the ERA-interim data sets (2016 and 2017) in the long term. Then, we made a comparison of the observed horizontal winds in the mesosphere with the meteor radar and the HWM-07 model in the same way. In general, good agreements can be obtained, and it indicates that the Wuhan MST is an effective tool to measure the three-dimensional wind fields of the MST region in the short-term and long-term.

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Section: Clutter Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Wuhan MST radar: Technical features and Validation of wind observations

Li¹,

Chen²,

Zhang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…As O3 is produced and stored in the stratosphere, any increase of the O3 concentration in the upper troposphere could be attributed to the mixing of the stratospheric air. The pressure at the tropopause over central China is about 100 hPa [25]. Thus, we studied the O3 mixing ratio at the 100 hPa level over central China to identify variations of the O3 concentration during the heavy rain.…”

Section: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the radial velocities recorded by the five beams, the velocities of three-dimensional wind fields can be estimated. As a result of partial specular reflection from the atmospheric stable layer, the tropopause can be simply and directly detected by very-high-frequency (VHF) radar by the vertical beam [24,25]. During the heavy rain on 2 June 2015, the Wuhan MST radar was used to investigate the atmospheric responses at troposphere and low-stratosphere heights.…”

Section: Experiments Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wuhan MST Radar Observations of a Tropopause Descent Event during Heavy Rain on 1–2 June 2015

Chen

Lin

et al. 2022

Remote Sensing

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During heavy rain on 1–2 June 2015 in central China, the Wuhan mesosphere–stratosphere–troposphere (MST) radar was applied to record the atmospheric responses to the rain with a 30 min period. According to the vertical gradient of the echo power above 500 hPa, the tropopause height could be determined by MST radar detection. The tropopause descent was clearly observed by the Wuhan MST radar a few hours before the rain, and then the tropopause recovered to usual heights during the rain. The observation of the radiosonde in Wuhan was in line with that of the radar. Both the potential vorticity and the ozone mass mixing ratio variations at 100 hPa level implied the fall of the tropopause. During the tropopause decent, enhanced radar echoes appeared in the upper troposphere, the echo spectral widths became broader, and the large vertical wind velocities were recorded and indicated the occurrence of strong convective activities. The relative humidity was also found to increase at all tropospheric heights, including the region close to the tropopause. The convective flow may have transported water vapor to the tropopause heights, and a temperature decrease in this region was also recorded. It is very likely that water vapor cooling induced the tropopause descent.

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“…The detailed technical specifications of the Beijing MST radar can be found in the study of Tian and Lu [56][57][58]. It has been used to investigate the horizontal wind, tropopause height [59,60], gravity waves, and turbulence [61,62]. The observational performance and data accuracy of the Beijing MST radar in terms of horizontal wind in the altitudinal range of 3-25 km have been validated by comparing with the nearest radiosonde data, proving that there is perfect agreement between the two types of measurements based on 427 profiles and 15,210 data pairs [57].…”

Section: Beijing Mst Radar Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Horizontal Winds Simulated by IAP-HAGCM through Comparison with Beijing MST Radar Observations

Tian

Chai

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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The performance of general circulation models (GCMs) in simulating horizontal winds is important because the distribution and variation in horizontal winds are central to investigating atmospheric dynamic characteristics and processes. Also, horizontal wind data can be used to extract some of the required information on gravity waves, tides, and planetary waves. In this context, the present paper evaluates the capability of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics atmospheric general circulation model high-top version (IAP-HAGCM) in simulating the horizontal winds and tides of the troposphere and lower stratosphere by presenting a climatological and statistical comparison against observations of the powerful Beijing mesosphere–stratosphere–troposphere (MST) radar (39.78°N, 116.95°E) during 2012–2014. The results illustrated that the IAP-HAGCM can successfully reproduce the time–altitude distribution of the monthly mean zonal wind and diurnal tide amplitude, albeit with some underestimation. The mean correlation coefficients and root-mean-square error for the zonal (meridional) winds were 0.94 (0.73) and 6.60 m s−1 (2.90 m s–1), respectively. Additionally, the IAP-HAGCM can capture the temporal variation in both the zonal and meridional winds. It is worth noting that, compared with the seven coupled model intercomparison project phase 6 (CMIP6) models, the IAP-HAGCM performs better in meridional wind simulations below 15 km. However, there are discrepancies in altitudinal ranges with large wind velocities, such as the westerly jet, in the transition region of the troposphere and stratosphere, and in February, April, July, and September. It is suggested that model users should take advantage of the model’s simulation ability by combining this information regarding when and where it is optimal with their own research purposes. Moreover, the evaluation results in this paper can also serve as a reference for guiding improvements of the IAP-HAGCM.

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High-resolution Beijing mesosphere–stratosphere–troposphere (MST) radar detection of tropopause structure and variability over Xianghe (39.75° N, 116.96° E), China

Abstract: High-resolution Beijing mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere (MST) radar detection of tropopause structure and variability over Xianghe (39.75 • N, 116.96 • E), China

Cited by 4 publications

References 54 publications

Wuhan MST radar: Technical features and Validation of wind observations

Wuhan MST radar: Technical features and Validation of wind observations

Wuhan MST Radar Observations of a Tropopause Descent Event during Heavy Rain on 1–2 June 2015

Evaluation of the Horizontal Winds Simulated by IAP-HAGCM through Comparison with Beijing MST Radar Observations

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